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Lifestyle

Lifestyle. Diet. Physicial activity. Smoking. Alcohol. $200. $200. $200. $200. $400. $400. $400. $400. $600. $600. $600. $600. $800. $800. $800. $800. $1000. $1000. $1000. $1000. Diet. Physicial activity. Smoking. Alcohol. $200. $200. $200. $200. $400. $400. $400.

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Lifestyle

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  1. Lifestyle

  2. Diet Physicialactivity Smoking Alcohol $200 $200 $200 $200 $400 $400 $400 $400 $600 $600 $600 $600 $800 $800 $800 $800 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000

  3. Diet Physicialactivity Smoking Alcohol $200 $200 $200 $200 $400 $400 $400 $400 $600 $600 $600 $600 $800 $800 $800 $800 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000

  4. Category 1 $200 • What is the optimal level of daily vegetable and fruit consumption?

  5. Category 1 $400 • Which percentage of total energy supply should be provided by fats?

  6. Category 1 $600 • What should be a proportion of saturated to unsaturated fats in a healthy diet?

  7. Category 1 $800 • What is a recommended daily salt consumption level?

  8. Category 1 $1000 • Please indicate a false statement: A) Red and processed meat intakes are associated with increases in total and cardiovascular disease mortality. B) Red and processed meat intakes are associated with increases in total mortality, cancer mortality, and cardiovascular disease mortality. C)Only red, but not processed meat intakes are associated with increases in total mortality, cancer mortality, and cardiovascular disease mortality.

  9. Category 1 $200-Response • 4-5 portions or 300 grams Margetts B.M., Beilin L.J., Vandongen R., Armstrong B.K.: Vegetarian diet in mild hypertension: a randomised controlled trial. Br. Med. J., 1986; 293: 1468–1471.

  10. Category 1 $400-Response • < 30% Ref. Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary.Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur J CardiovascPrevRehabil. 2007 Sep;14 Suppl 2:E1-40.

  11. Category 1 $600-Response • 1/3 to 2/3 Ref. Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur J CardiovascPrevRehabil. 2007 Sep;14 Suppl 2:E1-40.

  12. Category 1 $800-Response • 5 g (or 85 mmol) NaCl Ref. Mancia G, de Backer G, Dominiczak A et al. 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension:The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH)and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens. 2007;25:1105-87.

  13. Category 1 $1000-Response • C) is false Ref. Sinha R, Cross AJ, Graubard BI, Leitzmann MF, Schatzkin A. Meat intake and mortality: a prospective study of over half a million people.Arch Intern Med. 2009 Mar 23;169(6):562-71.

  14. Category 2 $200 • What should be a minimum daily limit (in minutes) of moderate physical activity to reduce CV risk and increase physical fitness?

  15. Category 2 $400 • What is the main reason forgastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. nausea or vomiting) among athletes and other person practicing vigorous sports?

  16. Category 2 $600 • What is a preferred heart rate (in % of maximum heart rate) during physical exercises advised for CVD prevention?

  17. Category 2 $800 • How much (in %) regular physical training can contribute to the reduction of overall mortality?

  18. Category 2 $1000 • For which of the following conditions good evidence exists (please indicateall of them) that physical exercise have a beneficial effect: A) Colorectal cancer B) Cardiovascular diseases C) Alzheimer disease D) Breast cancer E) Aortic aneurysm F) Uncontrolled hypertension

  19. Category 2 $200-Response • 30 minutes Ref. Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur J CardiovascPrevRehabil. 2007 Sep;14 Suppl 2:E1-40.

  20. Category 2 $400-Response • Dehydratation and gastrointestinal ischemia Ref. de Oliveira EP, Burini RC The impact of physical exercise on the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Opin ClinNutrMetabCare. 2009 Sep;12(5):533-8.

  21. Category 2 $600-Response • 60 – 75% Ref. Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur J CardiovascPrevRehabil. 2007 Sep;14 Suppl 2:E1-40.

  22. Category 2 $800-Response • 20 – 25% Ref. Taylor RS, Brown A, Ebrahim S, Jolliffe J, Noorani H, Rees K, Skidmore B, Stone JA, Thompson DR, Oldridge N. Exercise-based rehabilitation for patients with coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Med. 2004 May 15;116(10):682-92.

  23. Category 2 $1000-Response • a, b, c, d Vogel T, Brechat PH, Leprêtre PM, Kaltenbach G, Berthel M, Lonsdorfer J. Health benefits of physical activity in older patients: a review. Int J Clin Pract. 2009 Feb;63(2):303-20.

  24. Category 3 $200 • Do even simple advice promoting tobacco cessation from physicians has been shown to significantly increase abstinence rates?

  25. Category 3 $400 • Which of the following has the greatest impact on effectiveness of efforts to help smokers to quit: A) Quantity of individual sessions B) Quantity of group sessions C) Quality of doctor-patient relationship

  26. Category 3 $600 • Do school-based programmes for preventing smoking, lasting for several years, show long-term effectiveness?

  27. Category 3 $800 • Explain the meaning each of the 5 „A” letters in the 5A strategy to help patients quit smoking.

  28. Category 3 $1000 • Place in order of effectiveness (from the lowest to the highest) of the following stop smoking strategies: A) Self-help intervention for smoking cessation B) The 5 A strategy C) Nicotine replacement therapy D) Pharmacological treatment E) Individual behavioral counseling

  29. Category 3 $200-Response • Yes Ref. Russell MA, Wilson C, Taylor C, Baker CD. Effect of general practitioners' advice against smoking. Br Med J. 1979 Jul 28;2(6184):231-5.

  30. Category 3 $400-Response • The quality of physician-patient communication is more relevant than the quantity of counseling sessions or the intervention format (group vs. individual) Ref. Barth J, Bengel J. Smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart diseases: risk reduction and evaluation of the efficacy of interventions. In: Jordan J, Barde B, Zeiher AM eds. Contributions Towards Evidence-based Psychocardiology– A Systematic Review of the Literature. Washington DC: American Psychological Association; 2007. P83-105.

  31. Category 3 $600-Response • No Ref. Thomas R, Perera R. School-based programmes for preventing smoking. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jul 19;3:CD001293.

  32. Category 3 $800-Response • ASK – systematically identify all smokers at every opportunity • ASSESS – determine the person’s degree of addiction and his/her readiness to cease smoking • ADVISE – unequivocally urge all smokers to quit • ASSIST – agree on smoking cessation strategy incl. behavioral counseling, nicotine, replacement therapy and/or pharmacological intervention • ARRANGE – a schedule of follow-up visits Ref. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur Heart J 2007;28:2375-2414.

  33. Category 3 $1000-Response • Self-help intervention for smoking cessation • Individual behavioral counseling • The 5 A strategy • Nicotine replacement therapy • Pharmacological treatment Ref. Lancaster T, Stead L, Silagy C, Sowden A. Effectiveness of interventions to help people stop smoking: findings from the Cochrane Library. BMJ. 2000 Aug 5;321(7257):355-8.

  34. Category 4 $200 • Which of the following tests are used for detection of alcohol abuse and dependence: A) CAGE questionnaire B) Fagerstrom test C) Shneider test D) AUDIT

  35. Category 4 $400 • The name of a polyphenolic constituent of red wine, known for its anti-atherogenic properties and is thought to be beneficial in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is … .

  36. Category 4 $600 • How many adults are estimated to drink to harmful level in the EU?

  37. Category 4 $800 • How many persons with alcohol dependence receive specialized addiction treatment?

  38. Category 4 $1000 • Whatis a gap betweentheonset of thedisorder and first treatment (eg. alcoholrehabilitationprograms) of dependent drinkers?

  39. Category 4 $200-Response • a, d Ref. Aertgeerts B, Buntinx F, Bande-Knops J, Vandermeulen C, Roelants M, Ansoms S, Fevery J. The value of CAGE, CUGE, and AUDIT in screening for alcohol abuse and dependence among college freshmen. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000 Jan;24(1):53-7.

  40. Category 4 $400-Response • Resveratrol Ref. Berrougui H, Grenier G, Loued S, Drouin G, Khalil A. A new insight into resveratrol as an atheroprotective compound: inhibition of lipid peroxidation and enhancement of cholesterol efflux. Atherosclerosis. 2009 Dec;207(2):420-7.

  41. Category 4 $600-Response • 55 million adults (in this 23 million addicted) Ref. European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate general; http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_determinants/life_style/alcohol/documents/alcohol_factsheet_harmful_en.pdf

  42. Category 4 $800-Response • only about 13 percent Ref. Moss HB, Chen CM, Yi HY. Subtypes of alcohol dependence in a nationally representative sample. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007;91(2-3):149-158.

  43. Category 4 $1000-Response • a 10-year gap Ref. Hasin DS, Stinson FS, Ogburn E, Grant BF. Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64(7):830-842.

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