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Japanese High Energy Astrophysics Mission on ISS Monitor of All-Sky X-ray Image (MAXI)

Japanese High Energy Astrophysics Mission on ISS Monitor of All-Sky X-ray Image (MAXI). N. Kawai 河合誠之 , J. Kataoka ( 東京工業大学： Tokyo Institute of Technology) M. Matsuoka, S. Ueno, H. Tomida, (NASDA) H. Tsunemi, E. Miyata (Osaka Univ.) T. Mihara, H. Negoro, M. Kohama, I. Sakurai (RIKEN)

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Japanese High Energy Astrophysics Mission on ISS Monitor of All-Sky X-ray Image (MAXI)

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  1. Japanese High Energy Astrophysics Mission on ISSMonitor of All-Sky X-ray Image (MAXI) N. Kawai 河合誠之, J. Kataoka (東京工業大学：Tokyo Institute of Technology) M. Matsuoka, S. Ueno, H. Tomida, (NASDA) H. Tsunemi, E. Miyata (Osaka Univ.) T. Mihara, H. Negoro, M. Kohama, I. Sakurai (RIKEN) A. Yoshida (Aoyama Univ.), Y. Shirasaki, (NAOJ),

  2. Overview • All Sky X-ray Monitor on ISS • Scanning all sky every 90 min • Two Types of X-ray Detectors • Gas Slit Camera (GSC) • Solid-state Slit Camera (SSC) • Mission 2005 August ~ 2+ years • Scientific Goals • Long-term AGN Variability • X-ray Novae • Diffuse X-ray Sources • GRB afterglow

  3. ISS & JEM JEM MAXI • International Space Station (ISS) • Japanese Experiment Module (JEM)

  4. Overview of MAXI Radiator for X-ray CCDs Grapple Fixture for a robot arm Electronics Optical Star Sensor ATCS Solid-state Slit Cameras (SSC) : X-ray CCD Gas Slit Cameras (GSC) : X-ray gas proportional counter 100cm 80cm 180cm Total weight: 490 kg

  5. FOV of MAXI

  6. Point Spread Function incident angle = 0 deg in latitude direction incident angle = 20 deg in latitude direction

  7. 358 mm Gas Slit Camera(GSC) Position resolution and linearity over the 30 cm sensitive area of GSC Test Counter • 1-D position sensitive counter (anodes : 10 mm carbon fiber) • MAXI employs 12 counters (total area = 5340cm2) • (1.5x80 deg) x 3 =>1.5x160 deg • 2-30keV range • position resolution ～1mm

  8. Solid-State Slit Camera(SSC) ΔE ~ 145 eV @ 6 keV Hamamatsu Photonics CCD • MAXI employs 2 SSCs • Each SSC has 16 CCD chips developed by Hamamatsu Photonics • Effective area ～100cm2 x 2

  9. 100 X-ray Nova Light Curves and MAXI Sensitivity 10 0.5-30 keV X-ray spectrum available every day! Flux (Crab unit) 1 One Crab 0.1 0.01 Detectable in one day 0.001 Detectable in one week Detectable in one week One mCrab 0 50 100 150 200 250 Time (days after outburst)

  10. RXTE ASM 1 orbit (30 sources) 1 day (100 sources) 1 week (1000 sources) Sensitivity of MAXI

  11. Simulation of MAXI Observation One Orbit 5-month

  12. MAXI Data Communication System ISS-JEM MAXI Mil 1553B 30-50 kbps, 24 hr/day DRTS Ethernet 3 Mbps, 5 hr/day Command Data NASDA Stored data NASA Alart data MAXI Science team

  13. simulation MAXI/GSC: X1608-52

  14. simulation MAXI/GSC: MCG -6-30-15

  15. simulation MAXI/GSC: Ark 564

  16. MAXI Schedule H Selection Launch Kickoff R ? ? Now under TMM test! wait ?

  17. Summary • MAXI : all-sky X-ray monitor on JEM/ISS • the first all-sky X-ray monitor for AGNs • Two-types of Detectors • GSCs & SSCs covering 0.5-30 keV band • Detection-limit down to 1-2 mCrab for 1 day • 2005 August ~ 2 years

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