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Animal and Plant Cells

Animal and Plant Cells. Cell Theory. States that: All living things are made up of one or more cells The cell is the simplest unit of life All cells come from other cells- they do not come from non-living matter. Cells. There are 2 major types of cells: Animal Plant . Organelles.

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Animal and Plant Cells

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  1. Animal and Plant Cells

  2. Cell Theory • States that: • All living things are made up of one or more cells • The cell is the simplest unit of life • All cells come from other cells- they do not come from non-living matter

  3. Cells • There are 2 major types of cells: • Animal • Plant

  4. Organelles • “little organs” • Cells have specialized parts that carry out specific functions • Cells have many types of organelles that all work together • Some are found ONLY in animal or plant cells

  5. Lysosomes • Contain proteins that can break down molecules (ex. food brought in from extracellular space or bacteria/viruses) • They are like a garbage dump for the cell

  6. Cytoplasm/ Cytosol • Aqueous (water-based) solution inside the cell • Organelles are suspended in here

  7. Cell Membrane • A thin, double layered film that separates the interior of the cell from the external environment • Supports the cell and controls movement in and out of the cell (‘semi permeable’)

  8. Nucleus • “control centre”- directs all cell’s activities • Contains the cell’s DNA (genetic information) on chromosomes

  9. Mitochondria • Produce energy for the cell via cellular respiration • Have an inner and outer membrane • Cells that require lots ofenergy (ex. muscle cells)will have moremitochondria

  10. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) • System of tubes and canals around the nucleus • Transport materials (ex. proteins and lipids_ through cell

  11. Golgi Apparatus • Several tubes- looks like a stack of flattened balloons • Packages materials to be removed from cell • Secretes mucus

  12. Vacuoles • Membrane bound sacs filled with a watery solution • In plant cells: • Much larger • Pressure against cellmembrane push it firmlyagainst the cell wall-turgor pressure

  13. Cell Wall • Plant cells only • Tough, rigid layer that surround cell- made of cellulose • Provides supportand structure

  14. Chloroplasts • Contains all the chemicals (chlorophyll) for photosynthesis • Have an inner and outer membrane • Looks like a stack of pancakes

  15. Animal vs. Plant

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