1 / 21

Immunity and Infection

Immunity and Infection. Chapter 17. Chain of Infection. Transmitted through a chain (six links) Pathogen - disease causing microorganism Reservoir - natural environment of the pathogen: Person, animal or environmental component Portal of Exit Means of transmission

channing-thompson
Download Presentation

Immunity and Infection

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Immunity and Infection Chapter 17

  2. Chain of Infection • Transmitted through a chain (six links) • Pathogen - disease causing microorganism • Reservoir - natural environment of the pathogen: Person, animal or environmental component • Portal of Exit • Means of transmission • Direct transmission • Indirect transmission • Portal of entry • New host • Breaking the Chain

  3. Body’s Defense System • Physical and Chemical barriers • Skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract • Immunulogical Defenders • Neutrophils • Macrophages • Lymphocytes • T-cells • Helper, Killer, and Suppressor • B-cells • Antibodies • Memory T and B cells

  4. The Body’s Defense System • The Inflammatory Response. • Histamine. • Dilation of blood vessels, heat, redness, and swelling.

  5. Body’s Defense System • Immune Response • Phase 1 – Macrophages • Phase 2 – Helper T cells multiply • Production of Killer T and B cells • Cytokines • Phase 3 – Killer T cells strike • Cell-mediated immune • Anti-body mediated immune response • Phase 4 – Last Phase – • Suppressor T-cells

  6. Immunization • The process of ‘priming’ the body to remember an encounter with a specific antigen. • VACCINE- Introduction of a killed or weakened pathogen to stimulate the body to produce antibodies. (active immunity). • PASSIVE IMMUNITY- Injection of antibodies produced by other human beings or animals. • ACQUIRED IMMUNITY-The ability of a memory lymphocytes to remember a previous infection. (chicken pox).

  7. Allergy • The Body’s Defense System Gone Haywire • Allergies • Allergens • Pollen, Dander, Dust mites, Molds, Food, Insects • The Allergic response • Immunoglobulin (IgE) • Anaphylaxis

  8. Dealing With Allergies • Avoidance • Medication • Immunotherapy

  9. Type of Pathogens • Bacterium – Microscopic single celled organism • Pneumonia • Meningitis • Strep Throat and other streptococcal infections • Toxic shock and other staphylococcal • Tuberculosis • Lyme Disease • Ulcers • Antibiotic Treatment

  10. Type of Pathogens • Viruses • Common Cold • Influenza • Measles, Mumps and Rubella • Chickenpox, Cold Sores • Other Herpes virus infections • Viral encephalitis • Viral Hepatitis • Poliomyelitis • Rabies • Warts • Treatment

  11. Types of Pathogens • Fungus – • Primitive plant – Yeast infections, athletes foot • Protozoan – • Microscopic single-celled animal – Malaria, African sleeping sickness. • Parasitic worm – • Largest organism that can enter the body – Tapeworm, Hookworm, and Pinworm. • Prions - • Fetal degeneration disorders of the CNS, linked to “proteinaceous infectious partilces.

  12. Emerging Infectious Diseases • Drug Resistance • Poverty • The breakdown of public health measures • Environmental changes • Travel and Commerce • Mass food production and Distribution • Human Behaviors

  13. Other Immune Disorders • Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases • If the immune system breaks down • Getting older • HIV infection • Chemotherapy • Autoimmune diseases • Rheumatoid arthritis • Systemic lupus erythmatosus

  14. Giving Yourself a Fighting Chance • How to support your immune system • Public Health • Taking care of yourself • Nutrition • Exercise • Rest • Moderation of Lifestyle • Controlling Stress

  15. Thank You!

More Related