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Ethics

Morals . Standards of conduct that represent he ideal in human behavior to which society expects its members to adhereAs a nurse you are expected to be a moral agent; practice nursing within established standards of conduct. Values. Ideals, beliefs, and patterns of behavior that are prized and cho

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Ethics

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    1. Ethics A branch of philosophy that attempts to determine what constitutes good, bad, right, and wrong to human behavior

    2. Morals Standards of conduct that represent he ideal in human behavior to which society expects its members to adhere As a nurse you are expected to be a moral agent; practice nursing within established standards of conduct

    3. Values Ideals, beliefs, and patterns of behavior that are prized and chosen by a person, group, or society Personal values (acquired from cultural, family, community life experiences) Professional values (integrity, dedication, and fairness) Client values – may agree or disagree with your values

    4. Value clarification Process that allows you to identify your personal values and develop self-awareness An understanding of personal values forms the basis for ethical decision-making Three steps – choosing, prizing, acting

    5. ANA Code of Ethics Document that governs ethical nursing practice Identifies the goals and values of the profession and sets forth the philosophy of the profession Not a law – but standard by which nursing actions are judged throughout the profession

    6. Standards of Practice Provide direction for the provision of nursing care, including your role in professional activities Reflects the nursing profession’s autonomy Provide a set expectations that can be consistently applied to evaluate nursing performance

    7. Client Advocacy Advocate for someone means to speak for the person when the person is unable to speak for self You as a nurse may be asked to assert the client’s wishes or desire regarding health care choices

    8. Ethical principles Autonomy Advance Directives, wills, DNR Informed consent Nonmalficience Beneficience Justice Veracity Fidelity (confidentiality)

    9. Ethical Decision Making Clarifying the ethical dilemma Gather pertinent data Identify options based on ethical principles Make a decision Choose and implement a course of action Evaluate solutions chosen

    10. Client Rights Welfare rights – legal rights Ethical rights – based on moral or ethical principles Option rights – based on the dignity and freedom of choice for all individuals

    11. Legal Parameters California Nursing Practice Act Written by the California Legislature Enforced by the California State Board of Nurse Examiners Federal, state, local laws Nursing organizations

    12. Civil law/torts Assault – attempt or threat to touch another person unjustly Battery – actual willful touching of another person False imprisonment – involves restraining a person with or without force, against a person’s wish Restraints, seclusions

    13. Invasion of privacy – client’s private affairs are unreasonably intruded upon by the nurse Defamation – either false communication or a careless disregard for the truths that results in damage to someone’s reputation Fraud – false representation of some fact with the intention that it will be acted upon by another person Delegation – giving the authority for one person to act in the place of another

    14. Unintentional Torts Negligence – when harm or injury is caused by an act of either omission or commission by a lay person Malpractice – acts of negligence by a professional person as compared to the actions of another professional person in similar circumstances

    15. 4 elements for malpractice Duty Breach of duty Causation Damage

    16. Areas of liability Failure to monitor and assess Failure to ensure safety Medication errors Improper implementation of skills or procedures Documentation errors

    17. Professional Regulation of Nursing Practice Standards of practice Joint Commission Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Center for Disease Control (CDC) American with Disabilities Act Good Samaritan Act

    18. Unprofessional Conduct Sexual misconduct Sexual harassment Boundary crossings

    19. Legal Issues Advance directives Wills Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Informed consent Confidentiality Impaired Nurses

    20. Risk Management Safety program is essential to ensure the safety of clients, employees, and visitors Periodic inspection of electrical equipment, monthly fire drills, disposal of hazardous materials Potential risks and liabilities Incident or Advance Occurrence Reports

    21. Safeguarding Your Practice Know obligations and responsibilities Practice competently Know your strengths and limitations Keep current Document carefully Purchase professional liability insurance

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