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Nature & Nurture

Nature & Nurture. Dr. Carolyn R. Fallahi. Nature-Nurture. Which is more important? The Diathesis stress model We figure out the relative amount of nature (genetics, biology, chemistry) & nurture (environment). What about psychiatric disorders?. Study Techniques. Twin Research

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Nature & Nurture

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  1. Nature & Nurture Dr. Carolyn R. Fallahi

  2. Nature-Nurture • Which is more important? • The Diathesis stress model • We figure out the relative amount of nature (genetics, biology, chemistry) & nurture (environment). • What about psychiatric disorders?

  3. Study Techniques • Twin Research • Identical versus fraternal twins (monozygotic versus dizygotic) • Shared environmental experiences • Common experiences, e.g. parent’s personality, intelligence, SES status, neighborhood live in, parenting techniques • Nonshared environmental experiences • Child’s own experiences within and outside the family that are not shared with siblings

  4. Epigenetic View • The interaction of heredity and environment. • Heredity directs the kind of environmental experiences a person has. • There is ongoing bidirectional interchange. • For example, the development of hearing and eyesight.

  5. The study of Feral Children • Wild children who have been separated from society. • The Case of Genie. • Other cases.

  6. Behavioral Genetic Studies • Intelligence: overall heritability of IQ scores is about .50 or 50% of the variance is explained. • Identical twins raised together: .86 • Raised apart: .72 • Fraternal twins: .60 & .52 • Biological siblings: .47 & .24 • Biological parent & child: .42 & .22 • Adopted parent & adopted child: .19

  7. Temperament & Personality • Temperament: a set of tendencies to respond in predictable ways. • Buss & Plomin (1984) found .50 to .60 average correlations between temperatment scores of identical twins. The correlations for fraternal twins are about 0.

  8. Psychological Disorders • Schizophrenia: disturbances in logical thinking, emotional expression, social behavior. • Originally: thought due to a cold and inconsistent mother. • Now: concordance rates for identical twins: 48%; fraternal twins 17%. • 1% of the general population has Schizophrenia.

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