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TECHNOLOGY

TECHNOLOGY. TEAM TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITY. Work in teams to answer customer technology questions Use your own experience and the Participant Guide Technology module Tools section Glossary Other modules. Technology Discussion. TECHNOLOGY TOPICS. ACIS. 2-Wheel Drive vs. 4-Wheel Drive.

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TECHNOLOGY

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  1. TECHNOLOGY

  2. TEAM TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITY • Work in teams to answer customer technology questions • Use your own experience and the Participant Guide • Technology module • Tools section • Glossary • Other modules

  3. Technology Discussion

  4. TECHNOLOGY TOPICS ACIS 2-Wheel Drive vs.4-Wheel Drive Frame Construction DOHC vs. SOHC What Is a Differential? Body Structure 4-Valve vs. 2- or 3-Valve Heads Open Differentials Suspension VVT-i Limited-SlipDifferentials VSC Dual-Path Exhaust Locking Differentials TRAC Horsepower vs. Torque Truck Tied to a Tree Example Brakes Torque Multiplication Limited-Slip vs. Locking Differential ABS Manual vs. AutomaticTransmission Electronic LSD Shocks Coolers Rear Axle/Gear Ratios Technology Differences Between 1/2-Ton and Heavy-Duty Trucks Summary

  5. Acoustic Control Induction System (ACIS) Low Speed (Torque) Effective Intake Manifold Length Effective Intake Manifold Length High Speed (Horsepower) Topics

  6. Double Overhead Cam (DOHC) vs. Single Overhead Cam (SOHC) Rockers Camshaft Camshaft Rockers Camshafts Camshafts Valves Valves Valves Valves Double Overhead Cam (DOHC) Single Overhead Cam ( SOHC) Topics

  7. 4-Valve vs. 2-or 3-Valve Heads 2-Valve Head Overhead Valve System (OHV) 3-Valve Head Single Overhead Cam System (SOHC) 4-Valve Head Double Overhead Cam System (DOHC) Intake Intake Intake Exhaust Exhaust Exhaust Spark Plug Spark Plug Spark Plug Topics

  8. VVT-i With VVT-i Without VVT-i Topics

  9. Dual-Path Exhaust Low Revs with Chamber Closed High Revs with Chamber Open Topics

  10. Horsepower vs. Torque Horsepower Torque Topics

  11. Torque Multiplication Topics Next

  12. Torque Multiplication TORQUE OUT TORQUE IN 1:1 Ratio Topics Next

  13. Torque Multiplication TORQUE OUT TORQUE IN 100 lb.-ft. 100 lb.-ft. Topics Next

  14. Torque Multiplication TORQUE OUT TORQUE IN 2:1 Ratio Topics Next

  15. Torque Multiplication TORQUE OUT TORQUE IN 500 rpm 1,000 rpm Topics Next

  16. Torque Multiplication TORQUE OUT TORQUE IN 200 lb.-ft. 100 lb.-ft. Topics Next

  17. Torque Multiplication F-150 (5.4-liter V8) 390 lb.-ft. of torque 4.17:1 first gear x 3.15:1 rear axle = 5,122 lb.-ft. output Tundra (4.6-liter V8) 327 lb.-ft. of torque 3.52:1 first gear x 3.909:1 rear axle = 4,499 lb.-ft. output Topics Next

  18. Torque Multiplication F-150 (5.4-liter V8) 365 lb.-ft. of torque 2.84:1 first gear x 3.73:1 rear axle = 3,867 lb.-ft. output Tundra (5.7-liter V8) 401 lb.-ft. of torque 3.33:1 first gear x 4.30:1 rear axle = 5,742 lb.-ft. output Topics

  19. Manual vs. Automatic Transmission • Multiple gear ratios Less Resistance, Less Torque More Resistance, More Torque Topics Next

  20. Manual vs. Automatic Transmission • Manual transmission Topics Next

  21. Manual vs. Automatic Transmission • Automatic transmission Torque Converter Topics Next

  22. Torque Converter Topics Next

  23. Advantages and Disadvantages • ManualAdvantages • Lower initial cost; slightly better fuel economy • Disadvantages • Not the best for towing. Clutch may wear out prematurely due to overuse or misuse. Requires more driver input. • AutomaticAdvantages • No clutch to wear out or misuse. The torque converter can actually multiply torque. In most cases, torque at low speeds can be more than doubled. Since torque is the most important aspect of towing heavy loads, this is a big advantage over manual transmissions. That is why trucks that do have a manual transmission have a “creeper gear”—an extremely low-ratio first gear that multiplies torque at low speed for extremely heavy loads. • Disadvantages • Higher initial cost; slightly lower fuel economy Topics

  24. Transmission Oil Cooler Topics Next

  25. Air-to-Fluid Cooler Topics Next

  26. Fluid-to-Fluid Cooler Topics

  27. Engine Oil Coolers

  28. 2-Wheel Drive vs. 4-Wheel Drive Topics Next

  29. 2-Wheel Drive vs. 4-Wheel Drive Topics Next

  30. 2-Wheel DriveAdvantages • Lower cost; better fuel economy; less weight; more payload (generally 200–300 pounds); more towing capacity • Disadvantages • Less off-road capability; less traction during slippery conditions • 4-Wheel DriveAdvantages • Off-road capable; added traction during slippery conditions • Disadvantages • Higher cost; lower fuel economy; more weight (generally 200–300 pounds); less towing capacity (generally 100 pounds) Advantages and Disadvantages Topics

  31. What Is a Differential? SlowestRotation FastestRotation Topics

  32. Open Differential Open Differential Available power goes to the wheel with the least traction, causing it to spin. Topics

  33. Limited-Slip Differential (LSD) Mechanical Limited-Slip Differential The wheel on dry pavement with the most traction receives continuous traction. Topics

  34. Locking Differential (Manual) Locking Differential. Both wheels get equal power and the wheel with traction gets the vehicle moving. Topics

  35. Truck Tied to a Tree Topics

  36. Limited-slip differential (LSD) advantages Operates at any speed Better for trailer towing since it’s always “on” Can improve handling Locking differential advantages Better performance in extreme conditions suchas very rough off-road conditions or deep mud Simple and efficient LSD vs. Locking Differential Topics

  37. Electronic LSD (Auto LSD) Open Differential Brakes applied to the spinning wheel redirect some of the available power to the wheel with the most traction. The wheel on dry pavement receives power. Topics Next

  38. Advantages of Auto LSD Topics

  39. Rear Axle/Gear Ratios 1 Revolution 1 Revolution 3 Revolutions Topics

  40. Frame Construction Closed Box Rolled C-Channel Open C-Channel Topics Next

  41. Fully Boxed Frame Topics Next

  42. Rolled C-Channel Topics Next

  43. Open C-Channel Topics Next

  44. Hydroforming • Hydroformed trailer hitch Topics

  45. Body Structure • Ladder frame Topics

  46. Suspension Leaf Springs Coil-Over Shocks Topics

  47. VSC • Possible benefit of VSC With VSC Front-Wheel Slip Without VSC Rear-Wheel Slip Without VSC Topics

  48. PG 26 TRAC • Possible benefit of TRAC Without TRAC With TRAC Topics

  49. Brakes Topics Next

  50. 4-Piston Fixed Calipers Topics

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