Kim Patten & Chase Metzger

1. Strategic pest management tactics for blackheaded fireworm using reduced risked ovicide/larvicide insecticides Kim Patten & Chase Metzger

2. Background: • In 2015 the Washington Department of Agriculture will most likely ban the use of OPs on 56% of cranberry beds in WA, due to water quality issues. • Alternative reduced risk chemistries for fireworm control have been getting adopted by the industry, but control hasn’t always been satisfactory. • There are a lot of new reduced risk insecticides that we are only beginning to figure out how to best use. • Most applications are chemigated on systems with poor uniformity (DU< 70%) which compromise efficacy • Our insect pests have a very asynchronous hatch (3+ weeks) which make insecticide timing more challenging

3. Project objectives: • Assess an array of new insecticide for efficacy against fireworm • Assess duration of field efficacy • Optimize timing intervals • Develop more refined IPM program for fireworm management

4. Insecticide efficacy

5. 1st generation BHFW efficacy trials a b a b b Applied 5/11 assessed 5/13 and 5/20

6. 2nd generation BHFW efficacy trials Applied 7/21 assessed 7/25 & 7/29 larvae size equally distributed between 1 and 5 instar

7. Duration of field efficacy

8. Duration of field efficacy – fireworm 2nd generationTreatments were applied weekly (5/27 to 6/26)Which applications failed to provide control? Treatment window Sweep for efficacy

9. Treat sweep Duration of field efficacy – fireworm 2nd generation5 different timings (5/27 to 6/26) – how long do they provide control? Spray dates a 33 days of control w/ Altacor 19 days of control w/ Intrepid ab 1 16 1

10. Container of cranberries treated with Altacor or Intrepid before or after exposure to fireworm adults and assessed for damaged DBE - days before exposure DAE – days after exposure 10 DBE 5 DBE 1 DBE 1 DAE 5 DAE 10 DAE 5 days exposure

11. 5 day ex-posure a b b b b b b b Data – highly variable Intrepid applied pre-egg laying – minimal control Altacor applied pre or post-egg laying - control

12. Optimize timing intervals replicated trials

13. Traditional insecticide timing

14. Timing window Timing window With new reduced risk insecticides – what is the ideal timing and frequency? Do you get any ovicidal activity? Do you get any adulticidal activity? How long is the duration of field activity?

15. Pre-hatch application of insecticide for control of 1st generation BHFW Treatments applied May 30, 2013 –at early rough neck ~ 1/4” growth; no larvae present Treat sweep a a b b b b Early timing for 1st generation provides superlative control, even under high pressure (17 days of control)

16. Treat sweep a a a ab ab a a b Treatments applied 6/11/12 at first significant moth flight

17. treat sweep Treat sweep

18. Treat sweep a a ab b b b a b Treatments applied 6/29/12 just prior to egg hatch

19. Develop more refined IPM program for fireworm management • Refinement of trapping • Use of trap data with GDD models • Consideration of additional insect pest • Resistance management

20. Z traps

21. IPM timing strategies for control 20 dd 110 dd 145 dd from biofix A or I A or I

22. Comparison of Apples to Cranberries in the PNW • 2ndgeneration Codling moth larvae • Altacor: ~120 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix • Intrepid: ~130 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix • 2nd generation larvae Fireworm larvae • Altacor: ~110 to 150 dd base 10˚C from biofix • Intrepid: ~130 to 140 dd base 10˚C from biofix

23. How do you overlay an Insecticide to target multiple insects May June July August Sept.

24. Resistance managementGroup 18 – IntrepidGroup 5- DelegateGroup 22- AvauntGroup 28- Altacor, Cyazypr

25. Summary • Good field duration (Altacor>Intrepid≥Cyazypyr>Delegate) • A fail-proof IPM for fireworm is feasible