Writing the Discussion: A Step-By-Step Guide for Researchers

1. Writing the Discussion (Simon Capewell, Day 2) A. start with the abstract, refine that. • This helps identify key issues around WHY, HOW, WHAT found, WHAT does it mean

2. Writing the Discussion (Simon Capewell, Day 2) A. start with the abstract. Refine that. • This helps identify key issues around: • WHY, HOW, WHAT found, WHAT does it mean B. Draft outline points for each section in Discussion C: Create bullet points for each paragraph D: Turn bullet points into text E: Refine & polish text. Most important sentences: FIRST, and LAST

3. Writing the Discussion (Simon Capewell, Day 2) A. start with the abstract, refine that. • This helps identify key issues around WHY, HOW, WHAT found, WHAT does it mean B. Draft outline points for each section in Discussion: • Para 1: main message(s) • Para 2: Comparison with other studies • Para 3: Expand on key messages (optional) • Para 4: Strengths & Weaknesses (limitations) • Para 5: Implications for: clinicians; public health professionals; policy makers.

4. Writing the Discussion (Simon Capewell, Day 2) A. start with the abstract. Refine that. • This helps identify key issues around: • WHY, HOW, WHAT found, WHAT does it mean B. Draft outline points for each section in Discussion C: Create bullet points for each paragraph D: Turn bullet points into text E: Refine & polish. Most important sentences: FIRST, and LAST

5. RESCAP-MED:University of Liverpool

7. United Kingdom • Pop: 62 million • World 7th largest economy (GDP & purchasing power parity). • CVD remains biggest killer about 190,000 deaths per year estimated cost $45 billion per year • 2012: • Queen Diamond Jubilee • Summer Olympics • Please visit!

8. University of Liverpool Department of Public Health & Policy • Department of Public Health and Policy is home to many disciplines • Research themes: • Inequalities-Social context and consequences of ill-health • Clinical effectiveness • Health impact assessment • Undergraduate and graduate medical education: • Successful MPH program (on campus, & on-line) • PhD programme

9. Our Team • Prof Simon Capewell: Chair of Clinical Epidemiology • Dr Martin O’Flaherty Lecturer in Epidemiology • Our Research Interests: • Examining what drives cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates in a range of high, middle & low income countries • The development of effective and cost-saving cardiovascular prevention strategies in the UK and beyond: building on empirical evidence, policy analyses, and quantitative modelling • How best to help policy makers develop effective non-communicable disease prevention strategies in low, middle & high- income countries

10. RESCAP MED and Liverpool • Main Role: • Fellowships program (host) • Previous successful and productive experience in introducing young researchers to public health policy decision making and modelling. • Co-participants in Marie Curie project led by Kath Bennett • Collaboration with researchers in Portugal, Denmark, Holland, Spain • MedCHAMPS experience helping develop public health & modelling skills within four national teams: Developed & implemented CHD, diabetes & Stroke models(Syria, Palestine Tunisia & Turkey) Strong support for consolidating & expanding the understanding of Public Health Policy Modelling in the region, as a tool that facilitates dialogue with policy stakeholders