The world with 7 billion people…

1. The world with 7 billion people… What does it look like?

2. First up, a pop quiz- not really a quiz, so stop stressing! Just give it your best shot!http://www.worldof7billion.org/images/uploads/Pop_Quiz_7B.pdf • 1. What is the world population in 2011? • 900 million • 2.5 billion • 7 billion • 8.5 billion • 12 billion • 2. By how many people does the world population grow each year? • 11 million • 25 million • 45 million • 83 million • 160 million

3. 3. Which has NOT been a major cause of the population explosion? • an increase in birth rates • modern preventive medicine • improved sanitation • lower infant mortality • longer life expectancy • 4. Which of the following is likely to be affected by a population of seven billion? • amount of land for agriculture • amount of clean water • amount of energy used daily • number of people who are unemployed • all of the above

4. 5. Which country is the most populous in 2011? • India • China • United States • Mexico • Russia • 6. Which country is projected to be the most populous in 2050? • India • China • United States • Mexico • Pakistan

5. How did you DO?? • 1. What is the world population in 2011? • c) 7 billion • Note that world population figures are the best estimates demographers can make but are not precise counts. (it is difficult to actually count every baby born all over the world and every person that dies) • It is believed though that the 7 billionth person was born some time on October 31, 2011. • Check out this video that shows how quickly the population has been growing… • http://www.npr.org/2011/10/31/141816460/visualizing-how-a-population-grows-to-7-billion?ft=3&f=111787346&sc=nl&cc=es-20111106

6. Population Growth • 2. By how many people does the world population grow each year? • d) 83 million • To calculate how many people are added to the world population each year, multiply the total world population (7 billion) by the current growth rate (1.2% or 0.012), also called the natural rate of increase. In terms of population, we are adding another Germany each year. • Remember, as a reference point, there are a little over 300 million people in the United States. Check out the U.S. Bureau’s Population Clock… http://www.census.gov/population/www/popclockus.html

7. What is NOT a cause? • 3. Which has NOT been a major cause of the population explosion? • an increase in birth rates • modern preventive medicine • improved sanitation • lower infant mortality • longer life expectancy • a) an increase in birth rates • A decrease in death rates, rather than an increase in birth rates, has been the main cause of rapid population growth over the past 200 years. Improved nutrition and sanitation, and advances in the areas of medicine and agriculture all contributed to this decline.

8. 4. Which of the following is likely to be affected by a population of seven billion? • amount of land for agriculture • amount of clean water • amount of energy used daily • number of people who are unemployed • all of the above • All of the above • Our planet only has a finite amount of resources for humans to use, and as the population continues to grow, pressure is placed on all of these resources. Increases in population to seven billion will cause more job scarcity and unemployment, decreases in availability of water, and conversion of agricultural land into residential and urban areas.

9. 5. Which country is the most populous in 2011? • b) China • In 2011, the five most populous countries are China (1.3 billion); India (1.2 billion); U.S. (311 million); Indonesia (238 million); and Brazil (196 million).2 • 6. Which country is projected to be the most populous in 2050? • a) India • In 2050, the five most populous countries are expected to be India (1.7 billion); China (1.3 billion); Nigeria (433 million), U.S. (423 million); Pakistan (314 million).

10. Where is the most growth coming from??? http://www.bitsofscience.org/world-population-7-billion-people-3915/

11. But there is much more to it than that… http://www.breathingearth.net/ Check out this site that illustrates this concept.

12. Now… • Now we are going to learn more about how the world reached 7 billion people and what sorts of problems such a high population presents. • You are going read an article and answer the questions as you read. • Make sure that you read and answer the questions carefully so that you can understand what is coming next…

13. Introduction: 7 billion!!! • INTRODUCTION!!! Your answers will not be the exact same as mine, you do not have to copy down every word of this, but if you are missing some of the major points, you should add them to your Summary sheet! • This section talks about... • How the amount of people living on the Earth contributes to many of the environmental, social, and economicissues facing the planet • One Key Idea is that • In the six seconds it takes to read this sentence, 15 more people will be living on the Earth. Pretty crazy, huh?? Check out this site that illustrates this concept! http://www.breathingearth.net/

14. Introduction: Population what??? • Another key idea is that… • The world’s population grows at a near-record pace, with a population equal to New York City added every month! • That is a lot of people! (a little over 8 million!!!) Remember, the population of Alabama isn’t even 5 million yet!!! • In Sum… • This growth in human numbers that we are experiencing is a population explosion!

15. What Ignited the Explosion? • This section talks about… • how this rapid population growth is recent in human history. • Until around 1600, birth rates and death rates were about the same, keeping the population stable. What does this mean?? • 1 baby was born, one person died… so the population didn’t grow very much.

16. What Ignited the Explosion? • One key fact is… • Some improvements came about as a result of the Industrial Revolution that promoted longer life, such as • improvements in farming, (we could grow more food more quickly) • nutrition, (we started eating better) • medicine, (we started being able to treat diseases that used to kill people) • and sanitation (we learned about germs and learned how to avoid getting sick)

17. What Ignited the Explosion?Family size • Another Key Fact is … • Birth rates remained high in developing countries and shrunk in Europe and North America • As people moved to cities to live and work, families became smaller. It was no longer necessary to have many children to work on family farms in Europe and North America, and birth rates dropped in industrialized countries. • But, birth rates remained high in developing countries, since their economies still relied largely on farming. Families in these places still needed many children to work the land. • In Sum… how did you summarize this section???

18. Crowding the Earth: Carrying Capacity • This section talks about how… • Every environment has a carrying capacitywhich is the point at which there are not enough natural resources (food and fuel) to support any more members of a given species. • One Key idea is that • the carrying capacity of humans hard to estimatebecause it greatly depends on how people use the Earth’s resources. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdlKVfk7_iQ&feature=related

19. Ecological Footprint • Another key idea is • an ecological footprint which is the land and water area that would be required to support the region’s population and lifestyle • This is important because • The more resources that each person uses, the fewer people the earth can support.

20. Food! • This section has yet another key idea that I think is also worthy of discussion… • Only a small amount, 10 percent, of all land is arable meaning we can only grow food on 10% of the Earth’s land. • As the number of people continues to grow, the small portion of land which must provide food for these people remains the same, or becomes smaller as cities expand. What problems can this cause? • Already, one billion people suffer from malnutrition because they do not have enough to eat • IN Sum, the bigger our population gets, the more difficult it is to support everyone’s needs.

22. Upsetting the Ecological Balance: trees • This section talks about • How the growing population harms the environment. • For example, each year, about 18 million acres of forests (an area equal to the size of Vermont and New Hampshire combined) are cut down to create more farmland and grazing land and to obtain wood for fuel and other uses.

23. Upsetting the Ecological Balance: Water is a problem too • One Key idea is that • Water supplies also suffer as the population continues to grow... • This is important because • As more food is needed to support greater numbers of people, a larger amount of water is dedicated to agriculture. This greatly depletes water supplies and leaves less available for drinking and sanitation. Currently, almost one million people around the world lack safe drinking water and 2.6 million people suffer from inadequate sanitation.

24. Upsetting the Ecological Balance: Biodiversity and Extinction • Another Key idea is that • Loss of biodiversity is another problem associated with overpopulation. Biodiversity is the variety of species in nature and the genetic diversity within each species • This key idea is important because • Loss of biodiversity often leads to extinction which means no longer existing; when a plant or animal species dies off, we say it is extinct. • In Sum… How did you sum up this section?

25. Population Growth: North American Style • This section talks about • How the population growth in the U.S. may have more serious environmental impacts than growth in any other part of the world. • One key fact is that Americans use more energy, more water, and produce more waste than a people living anywhere else in the world.

26. Population Growth: North American Style • Another Key idea is that… • an average American uses more than FIVE times the average person in China. • This is important because… • While Americans are less than 5 percent of the world population, we consume 25 percent of the world’s energy and produce 23 percent of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions.

27. What can be done? • This section talks about • what individuals can do to reduce the stress on our resources and environment • One Key idea is that… • We can try to get our government to deal with population and environmental problems. • Another key idea is that… • We can protect our environment by making thoughtful choices about • where we live, • how we use energy in our homes, • what we eat, • how we travel, • and how much garbage we produce.

28. What can be done? • In Sum, • Even the small choices we make every day can make a difference. By thinking carefully about the impact we want to leave on the Earth, we can ensure that future generations are able to enjoy this planet and access its bountiful natural resources in the same ways that we do today. • Now, how did you Sum it Up for $2.00? • Who wants to share their 20 word sentence that makes sense and sums up the main idea of the article.