DUT 122 Information Technology Skills

1. DUT 122Information Technology Skills SYED ZULKARNAIN BIN SYED IDRUS, Lecturer, Communication Skills and Entrepreneurship Centre , Blok B, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 1, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Jalan Kangar - Arau, 02600 Jejawi, Perlis Darul Sunnah. Tel: 04-9798156 Fax : 04-9798893 Email: syzul@unimap.edu.my

2. Chapter 7 The Acquisition of Information

3. Objectives • UNDERSTAND how to obtain information. • UNDERSTAND and DEFINE how to obtain information and store via ICT. • UNDERSTAND and DEFINE about computer software and hardware for acquiring and storing information.

4. A World of Computers Pages 4 - 5 Figure 1-1 Computers are everywhere 4

5. Where are Computers? • Computers are everywhere: • At work • At school/university (institutions) • At home • Daily activities involve the use of or depend on information from a computer.

6. At Work • Create correspondence • E-mail messages, memos and letters. • Calculate payroll • Track inventory • Generate invoices • Applications • MS-Office, MS-Visio, MS-Project, AutoCAD, Automotive Design and Weather Forecasting (complex mathematical calculations).

7. At Institution • Assist with classroom/lecture theater. • Complete assignments and conduct research. • In lab rooms • At home • Elsewhere • Students take entire classes directly from their computer instead of attending classes on campus.

8. At Home • At home or on the road • Manage schedule, balance checkbooks, pay bills, transfer funds, and buy or sell stocks. • Leisure • Chat with friends, play games, listen to music or radio broadcasts, watch or compose video and movies, read books and magazines, share stories, research genealogy, retouch photos, and plan vacations.

9. Others • Banks • ATM: customers can deposit and withdraw funds. • Grocery stores • Track purchases, calculate the amount of money due, generate receipts. • Vehicles • Onboard navigation systems i.e. GPS to provide direction, call for emergency services, and track the vehicle if it is stolen.

10. What Is A Computer? Page 6 A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory. Can accept data and process the data according to specified rules. Produce results and store the results for future use. 10

11. What Is A Computer? (Cont.) Information Processing Cycle

12. Data vs. Information Page 6 Figure 1-2 • Data • A collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio and video. • Information • Conveys meaning and is useful to people. 12

13. Data vs. Information (Cont.) • Hence, computers process data (input) into information (output). • Computer often holds data, information and instructions in storage for future use. • Instruction are steps that tell computer how to perform particular task. • Some refer to series of input, process, output and storage activities as information processing cycle.

14. Networks and the Internet Pages 10 - 11 Figure 1-6 • A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media • i.e. satellites, cellular radio networks – wireless and hence no physical lines or wires. • Allow computers to share resources i.e. hardware, software, data and information – saves time and money. 14

15. Networks and the Internet (Cont.) A server manages the resources on a network, and clients access the resources on the server. This network enables three separate computers to share the same printer, one wirelessly.

16. Networks and the Internet (Cont.) • Server • In many networks, one or more computers act as a server. • Server controls access to resources. • Client • Client or workstation request resources from the server. • Server vs. Client • Server ordinarily has more power, more storage space and expanded communications capabilities THAN Client.

17. Networks and the Internet (Cont.) Page 11 Figure 1-7 Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click The Internetbelow Chapter 1 The Internet is the largest computer network, connecting millions of computers around the world. The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals 17

18. Networks and the Internet (Cont.) Pages 12 - 13 Figure 1-8 People use the Internet for a variety of reasons: 18

19. Computer Hardware Pages 6 - 8 A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware 19

20. The Components of a Computer Page 7 Figure 1-3 20

21. Input Devices • Hardware component that allows to enter data and instructions in a computer. Scanner Keyboard Mouse Microphone Digital Cameras Eye Scanner Webcam Fingerprints / Thumbprints

22. Output Devices • Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people. Monitor Printer Portable Media Player Speakers

23. System Unit • A case that contains electronic components of computer, which are used to process data. CD/DVD drive (storage device) System Unit (processor, memory and storage device) Hard disk drive (storage device) Processor Memory - RAM (storage device)

24. Storage Devices • Holds data, instructions and information for future use. • E.g. store hundreds or millions of customer names and addresses. • Thus, holds items permanently. USB Flash Drive Hard Disks CD / DVD

25. Communication Devices • Hardware component that enables computer to send (transmit) and receive data, instructions and information to and from one or more computers. Global Positioning System (GPS) Modem Telecommunication

26. Computer Software Pages 15 - 16 Figures 1-10 - 1-11 Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Windowsbelow Chapter 1 Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them 26

27. Computer Software (Cont.) Page 18 Figure 1-13 A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information 27

28. Computer Software (Cont.) Pages 16 - 17 Figure 1-12 Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware 28

29. Computer Software (Cont.) • System Software • Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices. • Operating System (OS) • is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices and allows users to run application software i.e. Windows, Mac OS X, Apple’s OS. • Utility Programs • allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs i.e. managing disk drives, printers etc.

30. Computer Software (Cont.) • Application Software • Programs that perform specific tasks for users i.e. Web browser to access and view Web pages. Word Processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation Graphics Other types of software application.

31. Computer Software (Cont.) • What is a graphical user interface (GUI)? • Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and icons. • Controls how you enter data and how the screen displays information.

32. Computer Software (Cont.) The graphical user interface of LINUX Ubuntu 9.04, the current released version. The graphical user interface of Windows 7, Microsoft’s latest operating system. The graphical user interface of MAC OS X v10.5 “Leopard”, the current version included on all new Macs.

33. Web Browsers • Mozilla Firefox • Flock • Google Chrome • Opera • Internet Explorer • …others

34. Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox 3.0 GUI on Ubuntu Linux.

35. Flock Flock 2.0 GUI Running on Microsoft Windows XP.

36. Google Chrome Chrome 0.2 GUI Running on Windows Vista.

37. Opera Opera GUI.

38. Internet Explorer Microsoft Windows Internet Explorer.

39. Search for Materials • University’s digital library • Online journal or conference proceedings • Summary / abstract • Papers available in full text • Digital thesis • Abstract • Available up to 20-25 pages of text • Some might have in full text

40. -Login into portal. -Access UniMAP’s Library Online Databases Login into UniMAP’s Library Online Databases.

41. Enter Username/Password to Login.

42. Database Menu.

43. Journals or Proceedings Search via Google or other search engines for publications i.e. national/international journals or conference proceedings Search for Journals or Conference Proceedings Through Google.

44. Access Online Journal andSave to Disk Select any from list i.e. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science Accessing a Journal.

45. Select article from list i.e. Internationalization of Malaysian Mathematical and Computer Science Journals Accessing Paper Published in Journal.

46. Click Download Article File Download Paper.

47. Click OK to save .pdf file format to disk Save Paper to Disk.

48. Save Downloaded Files • Select location • Hard disk, pen drive etc. • Name/rename file

49. THE END Source: Shelly and Vermat. (2010). Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World. Course Technology, Cengage Learning.