Vocabulary and Quoting

1. Vocabulary and Quoting Moccia

2. So Why Vocab? • Practicals: • Perception of Intelligence • SATs!!! • Jobs

3. 1. Gradation of Meaning • Different words, that basically mean the same thing, often fall along different spots along a spectrum • Examples: • Big vs. colossal • Ugly vs. grotesque • Small vs. minuscule

4. 2. Connotation • Denotation (the definition of the word) isn’t the whole story; meaning is often conveyed through a word’s connotation • Connotation: “the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes” (Merriam-Webster.com) • Examples: • Laugh vs. giggle • More? • You convey more meaning, and nuanced meaning, when you have a strong vocabulary

5. 3. More Words, More Meaning, More Communication • Hypothetical: the more words you have, the more you can think • Example: Human Equality • At the very least, the more words/phrases you have, the more you can communicate with others • Example: Human Equality • Words are bearers of culture meaning

6. ICE Method of Quoting I: Introduce: Introduce the context of the quotation C: Cite: Cite the quotation E: Explain: Explain and Analyze the quotation, especially as it helps your thesis

7. ICE Example Near the end of the story, after Fortunato’s drunkenness has wore off, he begins to rattle his chains in frustration and anger. The narrator then tells the reader, “The noise lasted for several minutes, during which, that I might hearken to it with the more satisfaction, I ceased my labors and sat down upon the bones.” This explores the deep and dark effects Montresor’s desire for revenge has had on him. The pitiful rattling by the helpless Fortunato evoke no feelings of empathy, but simply sinister pleasure.

8. Weaving Instead of quoting full sentences, simply fit in words and phrases from the story into your own sentence Example: When Montresor “[hears] the furious vibrations of the chain” shook by Fortunato, instead of feeling sorry or empathetic, he simply “[ceases his] labors and [sits] down upon the bones.” This reinforces the warped psychological state of Montresor.

9. Why Weave? Commentaries Cover more scenes/quotes from the story Shows control and understanding of the language of the text, since you are able to put their words into your own sentence structure Everything flows better this way Reminder: It still should be clear from where the quotation is coming – the context

10. Citing Rule: Introductions There should always be an introduction to your quotation. Never begin a sentence with a quotation. Direct Introduction: The narrator then tells the reader, “The noise lasted for several…” Indirect Introduction: The narrator describes the racket Fortunato makes and his response: “The noise lasted for several…”

11. Citing Rule: MLA In-Text Citation The first time you cite a story, put in the author and page #; after that, if it’s clear you re-citing from the same story, simply put the page # First time: “The noise lasted for several minutes, during which, that I might hearken to it with the more satisfaction, I ceased my labors and sat down upon the bones” (Poe 5). Anytime after: “The noise lasted for several minutes, during which, that I might hearken to it with the more satisfaction, I ceased my labors and sat down upon the bones” (5).