Everything is made up of molecules

1. Everything is made up of molecules • Imagine how many molecules you consist of! • The average adult consists of one thousand trillion trillion molecules!

2. States of Matter • States of matter • Solid > Low energy • Liquid > Medium energy • Gas > High energy • Determined by how much energy and there heat molecules have

3. State Changes and Heat

4. Exit Card • Based on what you learned today about molecules and heat, why do you think your doors get harder to close in the summer and easier to close in the winter?

5. What is Heat? • Heat is energy in the form of molecular movement!

6. Temperature • Temperature is how we measure heat • Temperature is how we measure molecular movement

7. How a thermometer works • As the temperature gets hoter the molecules in the red liquid move faster • The red liquid expands, which we see as the red line getting longer • Most thermometers follow a similar idea

8. Kelvin Scale • Like Celsius but added 273 degrees • 0◦Celcius is equal to 273 Kelvins • 20◦Celcius is equal to ___ Kelvins • -273◦Celcius is equal to ___ Kelvins

9. Kelvin Scale • At -273◦Celcius or ____ Kelvins • There is absolutely no molecular movement • The molecules are completely still! • This is called absolute zero • Also the reason why we use the Kelvin scale in science

10. Exit card 2 • If heat is the movement of molecules, then how would you describe cold? Is there such thing as cold energy?

11. Heat transfer summary

12. Conduction • Heat transfer between objects that touching • Occurs in Solids • Ex. Hot stove and your hand

13. Convection • Heat transfer through the movement of particles • Happens through gases and liquids • Cannot happen in solids, as there is no flow of particles inside of a solid

14. Radiation • Heat transfer by electromagnetic waves (does not use gas, or liquid as a medium) • Light is classified as an electromagnetic wave • Travels through empty space!

15. Heat transfer summary

16. Exit card 3 • Give an example of conduction, convection, or radiation, you cannot use examples from the lesson. Explain why your example is that form of heat transfer

17. Energy • Different classifications of energy • Solar • Mechanical • Geothermal • Nuclear

18. Solar energy • Comes from ________ from the sun • Renewable

19. Geothermal energy • Natural heat energy produced from the heat of the Earth

20. Nuclear Energy • Energy obtained from breaking or creating molecules

21. Biomass Energy • The energy stored in living things or recently living • This can include food and wood

22. Fossil fuel energy • Similar to biomass energy but the from the remains of long dead organisms

23. Conductors and insulators • A conductor is a material that allows heat move through it easily • An insulator is a material that does not allow heat to move through it easily

24. Exit card 4 • For your thermos, should you use conductors or insulators as materials? Why?