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North Africa/Southwest Asia

North Africa/Southwest Asia. Map exercise. Label the following places on the map:. Physical Landscape of North Africa. Dominated by the Sahara Arab word for “desert” Nearly the size of the United States Dry climate with extreme temperatures Sahel lies just south of Sahara

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North Africa/Southwest Asia

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  1. North Africa/Southwest Asia

  2. Map exercise • Label the following places on the map:

  3. Physical Landscape of North Africa • Dominated by the Sahara • Arab word for “desert” • Nearly the size of the United States • Dry climate with extreme temperatures • Sahel lies just south of Sahara • Transitional zone of semi-arid climate separating desert from tropical jungles • Northern coasts are fertile with moderate climate • Similar to southern California

  4. Sahara Desert • 3 types of desert • Hamada – rough, rocky, and mountainous • Reg – rocky plain • Erg – large dunes with plentiful sand

  5. erg • Hamada • Reg

  6. Reg • erg • Hamada

  7. Reg • erg • Hamada

  8. Sahel

  9. Journal (in notebook!!!)Importance of Water • Using what you know about the climate of North Africa, explain whether you think water would be an important resource in the region, and how you think people use/conserve/protect water.

  10. Impact of Water • Source of most life on Earth, especially in North Africa • Largest cities are near the coast • More easily navigable than the Sahara

  11. Nile River • Lifeline of much of eastern Africa • Floods bring fertile nutrients for agriculture and irrigation • 95% of Egyptians live within 12 miles of the Nile

  12. Human-Environmental Interaction • Humans are damaging parts of Africa • Desertification is increasing due to farming and overgrazing of livestock

  13. Pro and Con of Aswan High Dam Read Chapter 18 Section 3 on p.424-427. Do Key Terms and #3 on p.427 and fill in the above chart in your notebook.

  14. Pro and Con Read Controlling the Nile on p.426-427 and fill in the above chart in your notebook.

  15. Aswan High Dam • Completed in 1970 • Created Lake Nasser (Nasr) on border of Egypt and Sudan • Controls water flow of the Nile downstream (to the north)

  16. Suez Canal • Connects Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea • Bypass for route around Africa • Completed in 1869 and is just over 100 miles long • Takes an average of 15 hours to navigate

  17. Opinion • Which of the following is most beneficial and which is most detrimental to people? Explain in at least ½ page. • Desertification • Suez Canal • Aswan High Dam

  18. Religion of North Africa • Because of its proximity to Europe and SW Asia, region has been conquered many times • Greeks and Romans from Europe • Muslims from Asia • Brought different religions and cultures

  19. Today’s religions • Islam is the most common religion in North Africa • Judaism and Christianity are minorities

  20. North Africa Today • Oil has transformed the region • 99% of Libya’s exports • Algeria is large supplier to Europe

  21. Petroleum Products • Using the group packet, pick 1 product from each of the 12 categories which you could not live without. • Now, out of those 12, choose 3 • Now, out of those 3, choose the top product you could not live without • We’ll put your choices on the board.

  22. Product Assignment • Create a pamphlet showing the following • Cover with your product • Brief description of your product • Graph of how many people could live with or without product (poll at least 10 people) • How is it made with oil • How could a similar product be made without oil

  23. Southwest Asia • Like North Africa, climate is very dry • Arabian Peninsula covered by desert • Most other areas are semi-arid • 2 large peninsulas • Arabian • Anatolian

  24. Rugged Terrain • More mountainous than North Africa • Zagros Mtns in Iran • Hindu Kush Mtns have helped isolate Afghanistan • Biggest factor in changing climate

  25. Fertile Crescent • Tigris and Euphrates Rivers helped support ancient civilizations • Located in central Iraq

  26. Dead Sea • Landlocked salt lake near Israel • 1,349 ft. below sea level (lowest on Earth)

  27. Reader assignment • Group 1 • Read p.181-186 • Questions on p.187-188 • Group 2 • Read p.189-194 • Questions on p.195-196 • Group 3 • Read p.197-202 • Questions on p.203-204

  28. Reader Assignment • Read your section(s) and create a summary to present to the class. Should be about ½ page in length.

  29. Oil from the sand • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  30. Islam changes desert culture • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  31. Governments change hands & Oil dominates the economy • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  32. Modern Arabic life • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  33. Religious holy places & A history of unrest • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  34. Modernizing economics & Modern life • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  35. A blend of cultures & Clashes over land; Clashes over leadership • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  36. New industry requires more workers • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  37. Political refugees face challenges • In your notebook, write a fact you learn from the presentation.

  38. Today’s issues • Many countries in the region today are in periods of transition • “Arab Spring,” which began about 2 years ago, began in Tunisia • Within months, Egypt, Libya, and Bahrain were showing signs of uprising against their leaders.

  39. Syrian Violence • A civil war has engulfed Syria for the past year • President Basher al-Assad has refused to step down and guerilla warfare has resulted

  40. Iran • Iran saw a change in government (revolution) in 1979 to an Islamic theocracy • Ayatollah Khomeini seized power and became supreme ruler • President is elected (Mahmoud Ahmadinejad)

  41. Afghanistan • Taliban has tried to seize control over country after losing power in 2001 • Controls some areas, but many Afghans oppose their hardline Sharia Law.

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