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FUTURE OF KAON PHYSICS AT CERN

FUTURE OF KAON PHYSICS AT CERN. Future Kaon Initiatives. CERN-SPS Rare K decays LFV Chiral dynamics. Frequent K decays. U-70. J-PARC L X hypernuclei K Rare Decay. F factory Hadron xsec K S decays, interferometry. K → p nn : SM Theoretical Prediction. NLO Calculation:

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FUTURE OF KAON PHYSICS AT CERN

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  1. FUTURE OF KAON PHYSICS AT CERN Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  2. Future Kaon Initiatives CERN-SPS Rare K decays LFV Chiral dynamics Frequent K decays U-70 J-PARC L X hypernuclei K Rare Decay F factory Hadron xsec KS decays, interferometry Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  3. K→pnn : SMTheoretical Prediction NLO Calculation: Buchalla & Buras: 1993, 1999 Misiak, Urban: 1999 charm contribution NNLO Buras, Gorbahn, Haisch, Nierste hep-ph/0508165 top contributions The uncertainty of the SM prediction is mostly due to uncertainty of the CKM parameters and not to hadronic matrix elements: • BR(K+p+nn)  (1.6×10-5)|Vcb|4[sh2+(rc-r)2]  (8.0 ± 1.1)×10-11 • BR(KLp0nn)  (7.6×10-5)|Vcb|4h2  (3.0 ± 0.6)×10-11 Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  4. K0Lp0nn • KOPIO @ BNL stopped • In Japan a step by step approach is proposed: • KEK: • E391a has completed data taking (three runs) • Present limit < 2.1 10-7 90%CL • Aim to reach the Grossman-Nir bound (~10-9) • J-PARC (>2010) • Proposal for the J-PARC hadron facility • Step I: move the improved E391a detector at J-PARC; To reach SM sensitivity Received J-PARC PAC stage I approval • Step II: build a new detector and a dedicated beam-line to be able reach ~ 100 SM events • CERN • Evaluating capabilities in the context of an upgraded proton complex Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  5. Plans for K+→p+nn • Decays at rest: • There is a Letter of Intent to continue K+→p+nn studies with kaons decays at rest at J-PARC • The plan is to move the BNL-E949 detector to Japan to study Hadron Nuclear Spectroscopy at the Spring-8 LEPS2 photon source • Then, the detector could be moved to J-PARC when/if a low energy K+ line becomes available • Decays in flight: • Not anymore pursued at FNAL • There is a proposal with a sensitivity to collect about 80 SM events in two years at the CERN-SPS • The proposal (P-326) builds on the infrastructure of the current CERN kaon experiment (NA48/2) and is also known as NA48/3 Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  6. CERN Proton Complex CERN Proton Complex NA48 SPS LHC CNGS Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  7. NA48 Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  8. CERN-SPSC-2005-013 SPSC-P-326 Proposal to Measure the Rare Decay K+p+ n n at the CERN SPS CERN, Dubna, Ferrara, Florence, Frascati, Mainz, Merced, Moscow, Naples, Perugia, Protvino, Pisa, Rome I, Rome II, Saclay, San Luis Potosi, Sofia, Turin, +? • Presented at the CERN SPSC in September 2005 • R&D endorsed by CERN Research Board on December 2005 • Test beams in Oct-Nov 2006 • Seeking more groups to join • Aims to complete R&D by the end of 2007…. • …to start data taking in 2011 (actually much earlier than that for other decay modes!) Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  9. P-326: Signal & backgrounds from K decays / year* Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  10. Much more than just one decay! • The situation is similar to NA48, which was designed to measure “only” e’/e but produced many more measurements • Accumulating ~100 times the flux of NA48/2 will allow us to address, for instance: • p-p scattering • K+ p+p0 p0 , K+ p0 p0 e+n, Ke4 • Lepton Flavour Violation K+ p+ m+ e- , K+p- m+ e+, RK= G(K+ e+ n )/ G(K+m+ n) • Search for new low mass particles • K+ p+ X • K+p+ p0 P (pseudoscalar sGoldstino) • Study rare p+ & p0 decays • Improve greatly on rare radiative kaon decays • K+ p+p0g , K+ p0gg • T-odd Correlations in Kl4 • And possibly, given the quality of the detector, topics in hadron spectroscopy Example I Example I I Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  11. Example I:Observation of p-p scattering effect in K→3p decays NA48/2 has made the first observation the of the charge exchange process+00in the K00decay. 1 bin = 0.00015 GeV2 30M events NA48/2 PLB 633 (2006) hep-ex/0511056 4mπ+2 K±±00 4mπ+2 G~|M0+M1|2 N. Cabibbo, hep-ph/0405001 PRL 93121801 (2004) N. Cabibbo and G. Isidori, hep-ph/0502130 JHEP 503 (2005) G. Colangelo, J. Gasser, et al. hep-ph/0604084 PLB 638 (2006) M2(00) (GeV/c 2)2 Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  12. Difference between p-p scattering length in I=0 and I=2 states NA48/2 PLB 633 (2006) hep-ex/0511056 (a0 – a2)m+ = 0.268 ± 0.010(stat) ± 0.004(syst) ± 0.013(theor) In agreement with theory (a0 – a2)m+ = 0.265 ± 0.004 (Colangelo 2001) Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  13. EXAMPLE II: RK=G(K+ e+n) /G(K+m+n) NA48/2 EPS05 Masiero, Paradisi, Petronzio, hep-ph/0511289 Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  14. **P-326 Breaking News** • In 2007 the SPS will be used as injector for the LHC only from mid-November onward • There are about 5 months of proton running for fixed target • P-326 Prototype detectors need to be beam tested • The consolidated version of the existing NA48/2 is a good test bench • The experiment which used to compete for competing for proton time in the experimental hall has not requested beam • So, in addition to test new prototype detectors, P-326 will propose to accumulate O(100K) K+ e+n events • This intermediate physics opportunity is strengthening the Collaboration • New groups are enticed by the possibility to do physics immediately (even before LHC turns on) • Question to you: what else can be studied in 2007 with a large sample of unbiased decays? Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  15. Why Flavianet can make a difference NA48/2  2 1011 kaon decays P-326 (Na48/3)  >1013 kaon decays • Only a small fraction of these decays can be registered on tape • The others are rejected by TRIGGER CUTS • The experimentalists must know what is interesting BEFORE the data taking in order to implement a suitable trigger • In addition, many analyses require phenomenological input • Theorists should become even more aware of what is possible and what is not possible experimentally • It would help if some experimenters from institutes with interest in flavour theory would join P-326 • The time scale is well matched to bridge the current round of LHC experiments and the ILC/SLHC construction • It is a no-lose situation: • The SPS is here to stay and the CERN proton complex will be consolidated • Projects such as this one add breath to the CERN Physics programme  low strategic/schedule risk • The experiment is feasible with some more R&D  moderate technical risk • The exploitation of existing CERN infrastructure keeps the tag price low  low financial risk Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  16. Proposal for the FLAVIANET Kaon WG •      The NA48 experiments address: •   Ultra rare FCNC K decays •   K->3pi decays (CP violation and Dalitz plot parameterization) •   Pion scattering lengths from K decays (K->3pi and Ke4) •   Semileptonic K decays (Vus and form factors) •   LFV and Kl2 decays •   Radiative K decays and radiative corrections • Hyperon decays • ……. • NA48 has held mini-workshops with theorists in the past • The next is on December 12, 2006 at CERN and you are all invited • Admittedly the date is not lucky (conflict with CKM workshop) • Proposal: Devote a Flavianet working group meeting to assess the potential of the P-326 CERN proposal beyond the ultra-rare kaon decays. Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  17. Forward Look (Personal Choice) Year: 20XX Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  18. SPARES Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  19. P-326 Detector Layout K+p+ n n p+ K+ ~11 MHz of K+ decays n (KABES) • SPS primary p: 400 GeV/c • Secondary beam: • 75 GeV/c • 800 MHz • p/K/p (~6% K+) n SPIBES: Si mpixel X/X0 << 1% per station Pixel size ~ 300 x 300 mm excellent time resolution Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  20. Photon E=11 GeV Pion P=42 GeV/c Cluster not reconstructed Eg = 22 GeV Expected position LKr inefficiency measured with data LKr ineff. per g (Eg > 10 GeV): h ~ 7 × 10-6 (preliminary) p+ track and lower energy g are use to predict the position of the other g K+p+ p0 selected kinematically • Just collected tagged g to measure • for Eg < 10 GeV using an e- beam and the NA48 DCH’s as active target Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  21. Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  22. Plans at the Frascati f-factory • Last KLOE run: 2006 • DAFNE runs until 2008 for other experiments: FINUDA +SIDDHARTA • Plans for Luminosity and Energy upgrades (DANAE) • DANAE Motivation: • Kaon interferometry (QM) • Nuclear Physics • N N form factor • Synchrotron radiation • R&D Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  23. IHEP Protvino: RF-separated beam @U-70 Main beam parameters : Primary proton beam energy 65-70 GeV Primary proton beam intensity 1013 ppp Secondary beam momentum 12.5 or 18 GeV Length of the beam line ~200m K+ intensity at the end 5 x 106 +, p contamination <25% Muon halo <100 % Beamline was built in 2001-2004 and commissioned in December 2004 End of the beamline Deflector in the beamline

  24. Expected Backgrounds (J-PARC-Step1)For 7 SM events: S/B~1.4 Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  25. P-326 RICH performance RICH Radiator: STP Ne: (n-1)x106=67.1 L=18 m P from straws Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  26. Theory vs. Experiment Adapted from U. Haisch @ Flavour in the LHC era, 6-8 Feb 06, CERN Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  27. T-violating Transverse Muon Polarization in K+→p0m+n Decays • Non-zero PT is a clear signal of • T violation • Standard Model contribution to PT: PT (SM) < 10-7 • Effects from final state interactions (FSI) : PT (FSI) < 10-5 • A large window for new physics in the region of PT = 10-3 ~ 10-5 KEK-PS E246 result PT = - 0.0017 ± 0.0023(stat) ± 0.0011(syst) ( |PT | < 0.0050 : 90% C.L. ) Imx = - 0.0053 ± 0.0071(stat) ± 0.0036(syst) ( |Imx | <0.016 : 90% C.L. ) E246 Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  28. Upgraded E246 experiment at J-PARC E246 detector • Sensitivity goal = dPT ~10-4 • dPTstat ~0.05 dPTstat (E246) ~10-4 • dPTsyst ~ 0.1 dPTsyst (E246) ~10-4 • Stopped K+ decay • SC Toroidal spectrometer • Active muon polarimeter etc. Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  29. Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

  30. Summary • J-PARC • Hypernuclei studies (K1.8 line “day one” experiments) • P14: K0Lp0 nn (K0 beam-line, >2010) • P6: Transverse m polarisation (K+ p0 m+ n, m+ g n) (K1.1BR beam-line) • P9: K+p+ nn at rest (>2013) • CERN-SPS: P-326 (NA48/3) • K+p+ nn in-flight (Precise SM prediction, Test of MFV) • LFNV: RK= G(K+ e+ n )/ G(K+m+ n) , K+p+m+e-, K+p+m-e+,… • Chiral dynamics (Ke4, Km4, radiative and non-leptonic kaon decays) • pp Scattering • Search for new low energy particles • T-odd correlations • Other labs (“frequent” decays) • IHEP Protvino (in-flight separated beam) • Frascati F factory (hadronic x-sections, K Interferometry, nucleon ff) Augusto Ceccucci/CERN

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