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Name Of Eicosanoids

Name Of Eicosanoids. Eicosanoids is a Generic term for the 20 Carbon related compounds like: Prostaglandins (PGs) Prostacyclins (PGI2) Thromboxanes (TX) Leukotrienes (LT) Lipoxins (LX) Resolvins Eoxins. Biosynthesis Of Eicosanoids.

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Name Of Eicosanoids

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  1. Name Of Eicosanoids

  2. Eicosanoids is a Generic term for the 20 Carbon related compounds like: • Prostaglandins (PGs) • Prostacyclins (PGI2) • Thromboxanes (TX) • Leukotrienes (LT) • Lipoxins (LX) • Resolvins • Eoxins

  3. Biosynthesis Of Eicosanoids

  4. Eicosanoidsare derivatives of Nutritional Essential Fatty acid/PUFAs.

  5. Eicosanoids are biosynthesized in the body from PUFAs: • Mostly from Arachidonic acid/Eicosatetraenoic acid (PUFA)/Omega 6 Fatty acid • Minorly from Timnodonic acid/Eicosapentaenoic /Omega 3 Fatty acid

  6. During Eicosanoid Biosynthesis Mostly • Arachidonic acid is released by Phospholipids Viz: Lecithin/PIP3 • ByPhospholipase A2 activity

  7. Eicosanoids has very short half life • From seconds to few minutes

  8. Classification Of Eicosanoids

  9. Prostanoids : Obtained by Cycloxygenase System : • Prostaglandin • Prostacyclins • Thromboxanes • Leukotrienes and Lipoxinsare obtained by Lipoxygenase System

  10. Prostaglandins are Derivative of Arachidonic acid

  11. 1. Prostaglandins (PGs)

  12. Prostaglandins are type of Eicosanoids. • PGs also termed as Prostanoids • Since they are obtained from parent compound Prostanoic acid

  13. Biosynthesis Of Prostaglandins

  14. Per day 1 mg of Prostaglandins are biosynthesizedin human body.

  15. Prostaglandins are derived from Arachidonic acidby Cycloxygenase system.

  16. Phospholipid Lecithin releases Arachidonic acid • Arachidonic acid is used for Prostanoic acid synthesis. • Prostanoic acid then biosynthesizes Prostaglandin in human body.

  17. Structure and Types Of PGs

  18. Prostaglandin structure is complex and possess: • Cyclopentane ring • Double bond • Carboxylic and Hydroxyl groups

  19. Prostaglandinscontains a • Cyclopentane ring with Hydroxyl groups at C11 and C15

  20. Prostaglandins (PG) are of following Types: • PG A • PG B • PG C • PG D • PG E • PG F • PG G • PG H

  21. Occurrence/Distribution Of PGs

  22. Occurrence Of PGs • Prostaglandin was first seen in Prostatic secretion and Semen. • Later it was found that Prostaglandins are ubiquitous • Present all over in human body tissues.

  23. Functions OF Prostaglandins

  24. Prostaglandinsserve as Cell Signaling Agents/Local Hormones with. • Paracrine in action (act on sites closely where they are produced/ neighboring cells). • Autocrine in actionthat the sites where they are produced.

  25. PGs exert their function through G-Protein linked membrane receptors.

  26. Prostaglandins have diverse functions on many tissues

  27. Action of one PG is different in different tissues. • Sometimes PGs bring out opposing action in same tissue.

  28. 1. 4. Inhibits Gastic secretion Regulate Blood Pressure 5. 2. Help in Parturition FUNCTIONS OF Prostaglandins Promotes Kidney Function 6. 3. Produces pain, inflammation and Fever Bronchodilation

  29. 1.Role Of PGs In Blood Vessels

  30. PGs Regulate Blood Pressure • PG A and PG E are Vasodilators. • PGslowers the blood pressure by: • Increasing blood flow and • Decreasing vascular resistance in blood vessels.

  31. PGs are used Therapeutically in treating Hypertension.

  32. Prostaglandin occur at PlateletsInhibits Platelet Aggregation and Thrombus formation

  33. 2. PGs Has Role in Uterus At The Time Of Parturition

  34. PG naturally increases uterine contraction of smooth muscles whichinduces the delivery of baby.

  35. PGs can be therapeutically used as Abortificientsduring Medical Termination of Pregnancies (MTPs). • PGs also arrests postpartum hemorrhage.

  36. 3. Role Of Prostaglandins In Lungs

  37. PGs in Lungs serve as Bronchodilators and Bronchoconstrictor of Lungs. • PG E-Bronchodilator • PG F- Bronchoconstrictor

  38. PG E is used in treatment of Bronchial Asthma.

  39. 4. Role Of Prostaglandin In GIT

  40. Prostaglandin in stomach increases its motility and inhibits gastric secretion of HCL. • PG is used in treatment of gastric ulcers.

  41. 5. Role Of Prostaglandins in Kidneys

  42. PGs in Kidneys increases GFR and promotes urine formation and urine out put. • Thus helps in removing waste out of the body.

  43. PGs Regulate Sleep and Wake Process • Use of PG D2 promotes Sleep

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