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Broad Community Support

Broad Community Support. What is It? Who Needs It? Where to Find It? Lee Doran lee@ecowrite.net. OAIA Annual Conference October 24, 2006. Overview for Today. What is the World Bank Group (WBG)? What are WBG social & environmental requirements for projects it finances?

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Broad Community Support

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  1. Broad Community Support What is It? Who Needs It? Where to Find It? Lee Doran lee@ecowrite.net OAIA Annual Conference October 24, 2006

  2. Overview for Today • What is the World Bank Group (WBG)? • What are WBG social & environmental requirements for projects it finances? • How have they changed in recent years? • What is “Broad Community Support”? • Where did it come from? • Where is it going? • What’s next?

  3. World Bank Group • One of ‘Bretton Woods’ organizations • From mid-1940’s • Several institutions • IBRD & IDA deal with governments • IFC deals with private sector projects • MIGA provides insurance & risk guarantees • All have social & environmental requirements

  4. Social & Environmental Requirements • Policy framework • ‘Safeguard’ policies (do no harm) • Performance Standards (IFC) • Technical guidelines • Sectoral (oil & gas; mining, etc) • Pollution Prevention & Abatement Handbook • Reference & supporting documents

  5. Recent Changes? • Civil society is now recognized • Global consultations on major issues: • World Commission on Dams (WCD) • Extractive Industry (oil, gas & mining) Review (EIR) • IFC revised its Safeguard Policies • to become Performance Standards • to include WBG responses to WCD & EIR

  6. World Commission on DamsStrategic Priorities • Gaining Public Acceptance • Comprehensive Options Assessment • Addressing Existing Dams • Sustaining Rivers and Livelihoods • Recognising Entitlements and Sharing Benefits • Ensuring Compliance • Sharing Rivers for Peace, Development and Security

  7. Guidelines for Public Acceptance • Stakeholder Analysis • Recognise existing rights and those who hold them • Identify those at risk • Identify constraints to establishing a level playing field for stakeholder involvement • Negotiated Decision-Making Processes • Representation of stakeholders • Integrity of community processes guaranteed • Adequate time provided to stakeholders • Special provisions for prior informed consent • Address power imbalances • Transparency • Negotiations assisted by a facilitator or mediator • Free, Prior and Informed Consent • Indigenous and tribal peoples gave their free, prior and informed consent to the inclusion in the development plan of any planned option that would potentially affect them. • Indigenous and tribal peoples gave their free,prior, and informed consent to the project as designed.

  8. World Commission on Dams • “Decisions on projects affecting indigenous and tribal peoples are guided by their free, prior and informed consent, achieved through formal and informal representative bodies.”

  9. Extractive Industry Review • The WBG should …”require companies to engage in consent processes with communities and groups directly affected by projects in order to obtain their free prior and informed consent”

  10. Free, Prior and Informed Consultation • “IFC assures itself that the client’s community engagement is one that involves free, prior, and informed consultation and enables the informed participation of the affected communities, leading to broad community support for the project within the affected communities…”

  11. What is Broad Community Support? • “Broad community support is a collection of expressions by the affected communities, through individuals or their recognized representatives, in support of the project. There may be broad community support even if some individuals or groups object to the project.” • Not simply a lack of opposition

  12. IFC’s BCS Protocol Decision-making on BCS reviews: 1) Free, prior, and informed consultation? 2) Level of support & dissent among affected communities 3) Analysis of contexts

  13. Broad Community Support What is It? Who Needs It? Where to Find It?

  14. How Far We Have Come in EA • From ‘birds & bees & bunnies’ EA (1970’s) • Add consultation (originally 1-way) • Ease in social considerations • Explore ‘stakeholder engagement’ • Craft EA’s around stakeholder issues • Focus on issue management & actions • ‘Broad Community Support’

  15. What’s Next for EA? • How do we incorporate sustainability? • How do we integrate across all disciplines? • Do we consider ‘new’ issues such as: • Governance • Corruption • Human rights? • Is EA up to the challenge? • Are we … ?

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