Chapter 33 Topical and Inhalant Medications

1. Chapter 33 Topical and Inhalant Medications

2. Topical Route • Introduction • Cutaneous applications • Inunction application • Transdermal applications • Skin patches • Drug paste

3. Pathway for Absorption From a Transdermal Skin Patch

4. Topical Route (cont’d) • Ophthalmic applications • Otic applications • Nasal applications • Sublingual and buccal applications • Vaginal applications • Rectal applications

5. Question • Is the following statement true or false? The conjunctiva lines the inner eyelids and the anterior surface of the sclera.

6. Answer True. The mucous membrane of the eyes, called the conjunctiva, lines the inner eyelids and the anterior surface of the sclera.

7. Question • Is the following statement true or false? When instilling ear medication in a young child, the nurse pulls the ear up and back.

8. Answer False. When instilling ear medication in a young child, the nurse pulls the ear down and back. For an adult, the nurse pulls the ear up and back.

9. Instilling Eye Medications (Refer to Skill 33-1 in the textbook.)

10. Administering Nasal Medications (Refer to Skill 33-2 in the textbook.)

11. Administering Medications Vaginally Vaginal Applicator

12. Administering Medications Vaginally Vaginal Applicator Insertion

13. Question • Is the following statement true or false? In a sublingual application, medication is introduced into the bloodstream by dissolving or mixing medication in water and ingesting thereafter.

14. Answer False. In a sublingual application, the drug is placed under the tongue and is left to dissolve slowly and become absorbed by the rich blood supply in the area.

15. Inhalant Route • Advantage of administering drugs via the inhalant route • Definition of aerosol and its purpose in administering medication

16. Inhalant Route (cont’d) • Definition of inhalers • Turbo-inhaler • Metered-dose inhaler • Definition of a spacer and its advantage

17. Question • Is the following statement true or false? Drug residue accumulates only in the mouthpiece of faulty inhalers.

18. Answer False. Drug residue may accumulate in the mouthpiece of all inhalers, so the client should rinse the mouthpiece in warm water after use.

19. Parts of an Inhaler

20. Using a Metered-Dose Inhaler

21. Spacer and Inhaler

22. Nursing Implications • Nursing diagnoses • Deficient knowledge • Ineffective therapeutic regimen management • Impaired gas exchange • Impaired skin integrity • Impaired tissue integrity

23. Ineffective Breathing Patterns

24. General Gerontologic Consideration • Instilling eye medications in older adults • Complex eye medication regimes in older adults • Precautions when administering eye medications in older adults • Physical problems associated with administeringdrugs or relief in older adults • Educating older adults in complicated inhalantroute administration processes