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Session 1.2. WFP Conceptual Framework: Food and Nutrition Security

Session 1.2. WFP Conceptual Framework: Food and Nutrition Security. Learning objectives. After this session, participants should be able to : Describe key concepts of WFP Conceptual Framework of Food and Nutrition Security

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Session 1.2. WFP Conceptual Framework: Food and Nutrition Security

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  1. Session 1.2.WFP Conceptual Framework: Food and Nutrition Security

  2. Learning objectives After this session, participants should be able to : • Describe key concepts of WFP Conceptual Framework of Food and Nutrition Security • Adapt and apply the Conceptual Framework to identify key factors that affect food security and nutrition in a given context

  3. Where are we?

  4. Conceptual Framework • Informs selection of indicators for analysis & use in targeting • Guides design of data collection & analysis • Considers food availability, access & utilisation as core determinants of FS

  5. Conceptual Framework Provides: • basis for developing initial hypotheses on emergency • way to visualise relationships among factors affecting F&NS

  6. Main objectives of an EFSA To determine risks for the population… • life-threatening risks, e.g., malnutrition, disease • risks to livelihoods, e.g., loss of assets that endanger present , future livelihoods … and what to do about them

  7. Specific objectives of EFSA To identify: • who is food insecure and/or malnourished, and how severe is food insecurity: whose lives or livelihoods are at risk • main causes of food insecurity & malnutrition including chronic/transitory issues • need for, and type of, interventions to address food insecurity and malnutrition to save lives & protect/strengthen livelihoods

  8. WFP Food and Nutrition Security Conceptual Framework: Key concepts • Livelihoods • Food security • Nutrition security

  9. 1 - Livelihoods • livelihoods approach examines: • impact of shock on human, financial, social, physical, & natural, assets • impact of policies, institutions, other processes • strategies the affected are using to survive • … tries to determine likely outcomes for the affected: changes in vulnerability, food / nutrition security status, etc.

  10. Vulnerability context • increasingly dry and arid conditions • low rainfall • Increasing soil erosion Example of household livelihood analysis HH asset profile H: healthy members of working age; good agricultural skills S: well connected in community F: little cash P: few productive assets N: no land • Policy, Institutions, Processes • fertilizer subsidy available • strong agricultural extension service • strong trust between community leader & HH head Livelihood strategies • HH use strong social assets to get loans • rent land; buy tools & agric. inputs • HH use human assets to farm & to offset low financial, natural assets

  11. How are livelihoods affected? Resilience Vulnerability Extent to which households can withstand shock

  12. 2 - Food security Availability Access Utilisation …when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs, and food preferences for an active and healthy life…

  13. 3 - Nutrition security Food security Health Caring practices Acute malnutrition: clear sign of risk to life Chronic malnutrition: long-term problems related to food, health and care

  14. UNICEF Conceptual Framework of malnutrition Outcomes Immediate causes Underlying causes at household level Basic causes at societal level

  15. WFP Conceptual Framework of Food and Nutrition Security

  16. Conceptual Framework: levels of analysis (1) Basic causes: structural factors that establish the context in which malnutrition and food insecurity exist

  17. Conceptual Framework: levels of analysis (2) Underlying causes: characteristics of individual households that make them more, or less, susceptible to malnutrition and food insecurity

  18. Conceptual Framework: levels of analysis (3) Immediate causes: factors that can lead directly to malnutrition and death

  19. Conceptual Framework: levels of analysis (4) Outcomes: malnutrition and excess mortality arising from failure to resolve problems at other levels

  20. Adapting the Conceptual Framework Why? • The relative significance of each framework element depends on region & country, nature of crisis, & affected groups • Adapting it to local context allows formulation of initial hypotheses on probable local effects of crisis

  21. Adapting the Framework: How? Review secondary info & discussions with key informants Identify factors most likely to affect FS&N in current context Identify possible linkages among factors affecting food & nutrition security guide initial hypotheses definition of information requirements & selection of assessment methodology form basis for

  22. Exercise 1.1.Adapt the Conceptual Framework • Use Worksheet for each Working Group • 45 min + 60 min debriefing

  23. Wrap-up The Framework: • Provides basis for development of initial emergency hypotheses, causes & effects • Helps to visualize relationships between factors affecting food & nutrition security • Guides data collection & analysis

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