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What Makes Us Human?

What Makes Us Human?. Adapted from https ://sites.google.com/site/highlandhsp3m/unit-1-what-makes-us-human. What does being human mean to you? What distinguishes humans from animals? Take a moment an think. REALLY think. What Makes Us Human?. Anthropologists = Evolution

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What Makes Us Human?

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  1. What Makes Us Human? Adapted from https://sites.google.com/site/highlandhsp3m/unit-1-what-makes-us-human

  2. What does being human mean to you? What distinguishes humans from animals? Take a moment an think. REALLY think. What Makes Us Human?

  3. Anthropologists = Evolution Psychologists = Cognitive process and personality Sociologists = Culture What Makes Us Human?

  4. Very simply.... Anthropologists ask: Where did we come from? What are we? Where are we going? Read Wright excerpt What is anthropology?

  5. What is anthropology?

  6. Anthropologists use human biological evolution to answer the question of what makes humans different from animals They use fossils, cultural remains and the study of DNA as evidence supporting the development of humanity. What Makes Us Human?

  7. Physical Anthropologists study human biological evolution • Palaeontology – study of fossils • Archaeology – study of cultural remains -- ? Anthropological: Human Evolution

  8. Jacques Boucher de Crevecoeur (1788 – 1868) • Found stones shaped into tools and weapons • Primitive weapons less advanced than what can be created today • Shows evolution Anthropological: Proof of Evolution

  9. Neanderthals • Did not evolve tool making • Survived for millions of years but eventually died out Proof of Evolution

  10. Charles Darwin (1809 -1882) • Studied on the Galapagos islands • Found that within each group of plant or animal there was variation • Natural Selection: • Animals and plants adapt to their environment to survive and produce similar offspring. Survival of the Fittest Anthropological: Proof of Evolution

  11. It was thought that humans followed the same patterns of evolution. • In 1924 Raymond Dart discovered the fossil of a child in South Africa • Australopithecus Africanus • Subsequent discoveries showed an evolutionary pattern Human Evolution

  12. Human brains got larger Faces got smaller Anthropological: Proof of Evolution

  13. The genetic make up of humans and primates varies by only 1-2 percent Why are we the dominate species? Humans VS Primates

  14. Features we share: • Opposable thumbs • 3 dimensional vision (allows us to judge distances) • Our children remain dependant for a long time and require a lot of care to learn and develop Humans VS Primates

  15. Highly developed brain which allows us to learn and think (however the human brain is more developed) • Social (humans more advanced) • Can be aggressive and territorial Humans VS Primates

  16. There are many different opinions as to which factor is the most important in human evolution • Bipedalism– the ability to walk upright over long distances and perform tasks while standing • Ability to communicate complex and abstract ideas through language • It is thought the combination of using tools, hunting in a group and communicating with language led to the rapid growth of the human brain • Our ability to share/cooperate with others • Developed symbols and art What Makes Humans Human

  17. The Brain The Cognitive Process (advanced reasoning, problem solving, complexity of our thinking) Personality What Makes us Human - psychology

  18. The Central Core: All vertebrates • Controls basic functions (breathing, eating) • The Cerebrum: Sets us apart from other species. • Controls human senses, thoughts, language, memory ThE Brain

  19. How we acquire, store and use knowledge The Cognitive Process

  20. Use information to draw conclusions – uniquely human • Deductive Reasoning (general to specific): • Eg. All humans have brains – Sonia is a human – Therefore Sonia has a brain. • Inductive Reasoning (specific to general): • Eg. Most men enjoy sports – I am a man – I enjoy sports Reasoning

  21. Humans problem solve throughout the day • Can use reasoning to help solve problems • Identify the problem • Develop a strategy to solve the problem (trial and error, hypothesis, rule of thumb, insight) • Carry out the strategy • Determine if the strategy worked Problem Solving

  22. Complexity of our thinking • Human are able to think about what others are thinking. • Humans are able to think within different time frames • We can remember the past and consider what might happen in the future. Complexity of Our Thinking

  23. Characteristics and behaviours that make us unique It is thought that our personality is shaped by our genetics and environment (nature – nurture) Personality

  24. Animals may appear to have personality traits This may be more the result of instinct and conditioning Personality

  25. Sociologists characterize a human as different from animals because of human culture. Culture: The abilities, ideas and behaviours people have acquired to become members of society What Makes us Human: sociology O Canada Hockey Canadian flag

  26. Symbols • Something or someone that represents something else. • Symbols have a particular meaning for people Culture

  27. Human culture (beliefs, ideas, behaviours) is constantly evolving and changing. It is through interactions in society that culture develops. To be part of the human culture we need to cooperate, have laws/rules and have a capacity for knowledge (we can learn and teach others) Culture

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