Dinosaurs

2. 15 Dinosaurs Why They Disappeared TOPIC PREVIEW BEFORE LISTENING LISTENING AFTER LISTENING EXPANSION Dinosaur skeletons on display at the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands

3. Answer the following questions with a partner or your classmates. Only the bones of the dinosaurs can be seen today, mainly in museums. Have you ever seen the bones of a dinosaur? Describe when and where you saw them. If you haven’t seen any, would you like to see dinosaur bones? Why? Describe what a Tyrannosaurus rex or another type of dinosaur probably looked like. When did this dinosaur live on earth, how large was it, and what was its food? What is climate change? Do we feel the influence of climate change today? Why or why not?

4. VOCABULARY PREVIEW

5. Audio Track 1-15-1-a VOCABULARY PREVIEW • Listen to the following sentences that contain information from the lecture. As you listen, write the word or phrase from the box that completes the sentence. 1. Scientists suggest several theories for why dinosaurs became extinct. 2. Perhaps one day we will know for certain why dinosaurs such as the Tyrannosaurus rexdied out. 3. We continue to speculate and to search for why dinosaurs disappeared. 4. The change in climate caused a severe shortage of food. 5. Many scientists believe that gradual climate change best explains why the dinosaurs disappeared.

6. Audio Track 1-15-1-b VOCABULARY PREVIEW • Listen to the following sentences that contain information from the lecture. As you listen, write the word or phrase from the box that completes the sentence. 6. The second theory suggests that a huge asteroid hit the earth about 65 million years ago when the dinosaurs still ruled the earth. The enormous dust cloud covered the whole earth and blocked outthe sun for months and months. Iridium is an element that is not common on earth. Today scientists continue to debate these two theories and others, too.

7. VOCABULARY PREVIEW • Match the words to their definitions.

8. PREDICTIONS • Think about the questions in the Topic Preview and the sentences you heard in the Vocabulary Preview. Write three questions that you think will be answered in the lecture. Share your questions with your classmates. Only the bones of the dinosaurs can be seen today, mainly in museums. Have you ever seen the bones of a dinosaur? Describe when and where you saw them. If you haven’t seen any, would you like to see dinosaur bones? Why? Describe what a Tyrannosaurus rex or another type of dinosaur probably looked like. When did this dinosaur live on earth, how large was it, and what was its food? What is climate change? Do we feel the influence of climate change today? Why or why not?

9. NOTETAKING PREPARATION • Using Arrows for Cause and Effect You have learned in Lesson 2 that arrows are very useful symbols. When a lecturer describes the cause and effect of events, use arrows in your notes to show what is the cause and what is the effect by the direction the arrow points. The arrow should always point to the effect. You hear You write X causes Y X → Y X is the result of Y X ← Y

10. Audio Track 1-15-2 NOTETAKING PREPARATION • Listen to the following causes and effects described in the lecture. Use either → or ← to complete the notes below. 1. Dinos extinct ←plntclim change 2. Clim cooler → plants disapp 3. Ast hit earth → v. big cloud dust 4. Food vanish →dinos too 5. Perhps find dinos die ← disease

11. Audio Track 1-15-2 NOTETAKING PREPARATION • Listen to the sentences in A again. As you listen, write the complete sentences below. 1. Dinosaurs became extinct because the planet’s climate changed. 2. The climate of the world became cooler, As a result, plants began to disappear. 3. When the asteroid hit the earth, it caused a huge cloud of dust. 4. Their food vanished. Therefore, the dinosaurs vanished, too. 5. Perhaps they’ll find out that dinosaurs died out as a result of disease. Discourse Cues for Causal AnalysisListen for language cues that indicate that the lecturer is describing causes and effects. Verbs Nouns Transitions Conjunctions cause cause therefore because (of) result in/from result as a result (of) since lead to reason for this reason so

12. Audio Track 1-15-3 FIRST LISTENING • Listen to the lecture about dinosaurs. As you listen, put the following parts of the lecture in the order that you hear them. Number them 1 to 5.

13. Audio Track 1-15-4 SECOND LISTENING • Listen to information from the lecture. The speaker will talk slowly and carefully. You don’t have to do anything as you listen. Just relax and listen.

14. Audio Track 1-15-5 THIRD LISTENING • Listen to the lecture in two parts. Follow the directions for each part. When you have finished, review your notes. Later, you will use them to summarize the lecture with a partner. • You will hear the first part of the lecture again. Listen and complete the notes by adding the abbreviations and symbols from the box. Why Dinos Disappear? 1. 2 Qs • wh happened to dinos? • why dinosdisapp? 2. Not sure – 2 theories 1) clim. change theory 2) asteroid theory 3. Climate theory over millions yrs – climate cooler → plants died → short of food → no food for dinos → become ext

15. Audio Track 1-15-6 THIRD LISTENING • As you listen to the second part of the lecture, take your own notes on a separate piece of paper.

16. Audio Track 1-15-7 ACCURACY CHECK • You will hear five questions about the lecture. Write a short answer to each question. Use your notes. 1. clim. change theory 2. over millions of yrs 3. plants gradulydisap → food shortg 4. huge dust cloud → block sun months → plants died 5. iridium arrived ← asteroid hit → dinos died

17. Audio Track 1-15-8 ACCURACY CHECK • You will hear five statements about the lecture. Listen to each statement and write T for true or F for false. 1. F 2. F . 3. F 4. T . 5. T .

18. ORAL SUMMARY • Use your notes to create an oral summary of the lecture with your partner. As you work together, add details to your notes that your partner included but you had missed.

19. DISCUSSION • Discuss the following questions with a classmate or in a small group. Which of the two theories, the asteroid impact theory or the gradual climate-change theory, do you think best explains the disappearance of the dinosaurs? What do you suggest as another theory for why the dinosaurs disappeared? Use your imagination to come up with some possible causes. What are the names of some dinosaurs you are familiar with? Draw a picture of a dinosaur as you picture it in your mind. Describe what it is doing in your picture. Some scientists think today’s birds and perhaps some lizards, such as the Komodo dragon, are descendants of the dinosaurs of the past. Do you agree? Why or why not?

20. Audio Track 1-15-9-a TASK 1 What’s the Reason? • Listen to the situations. As you listen, decide if a, b, c, or d is the cause. Circle your answer.

21. Audio Track 1-15-9-b TASK 1 What’s the Reason? • Listen to the situations. As you listen, decide if a, b, c, or d is the cause. Circle your answer.

22. Audio Track 1-15-10-a TASK 2 You Write the Ending • Listen to five unfinished stories. Take notes about what happens. 1. It’s a cold and snowy night. M & W driv car mount rd, hard to see ← snow fell hard + 1 wiper broken. Suddn sharp curve rd. M brake hard. 2. It’s the second half of a championship soccer game. Both teams 3-3, 1 forward – get ball – goal – kick.

23. Audio Track 1-15-10-b TASK 2 You Write the Ending • Listen to five unfinished stories. Take notes about what happens. 3. A fisherman is walking by the side of the river. Hear boy call help – lk + see boy trying on water – man no good swimmer. 4. You and your friend are sitting in the movie theater watching a movie. M walk ur row, lk seat w/ popcorn – some on friend head. Ppl behind angry, u angry, urfrnd get up talk M.

24. Audio Track 1-15-10-c TASK 2 You Write the Ending • Listen to five unfinished stories. Take notes about what happens. 5. A man is crossing a street in New York. Police watch M’s left hand, want talk, come up to M.

25. 15 The End