著者：范守义、郭立秋、贾令仪 2011 年 6-9 月

1. 《英汉语篇翻译教程》 著者：范守义、郭立秋、贾令仪 2011年6-9月

2. 译文讲评：Text A (PPT v 2.0) Text A: PEARL BUCK BIOGRAPHY Passage 3:

3. 背景介绍： • The Swedish Academy was founded in 1786 by King Gustav III. Modelled after the Académie française, it has 18 members. The motto of the Academy is “Talent and Taste” (“Snille och Smak” in Swedish). The primary purpose of the Academy is to further the “purity, strength, and sublimity of the Swedish language” (“Svenska Språkets renhet, styrka och höghet”) (Walshe, 1965). Photograph by: Carl CurmanDate: 1889

4. Father Absalom Sydenstricker is an educated man, of German origin, he translates the Bible from Greek into Chinese and is often abroad, looking for people to convert to Christianity. • Mother Caroline Stulting is a missionary too, she travelled much in her youth, she loves literature and establishes a chemist shop in China. She is of Dutch origin.

5. 第1段第1句 • 这个句子并不算复杂，主句就是最后的一部分，前面是六个并列的词组说明赛珍珠是怎样的名人。如果按照原文顺序来翻译，中译文可能会有东一句西一句的感觉，因此，中译文对原文的六个词组进行了顺序调整，分成三句话，显示了各成分的内在逻辑关系。中译文是：“赛珍珠是一位人道主义者、慈善家、女权活动家、《亚细亚》杂志主编。赛珍珠是她那个时代最受欢迎的美国作家之一，以其有关中国生活的小说而蜚声文坛。” “One of the most popular American authors of her day, humanitarian, crusader for women’s rights, editor of Asia magazine, philanthropist, noted for her novels of life in China, Pearl S. Buck was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1938.”

6. cru•sade n. 1. often Crusade Any of the military expeditions undertaken by European Christians in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. 2. A holy war undertaken with papal sanction. 3. A vigorous concerted movement for a cause or against an abuse. See Synonyms at campaign. • crusader n. campaigner, champion, advocate, activist, reformer 1. He has set himself up as a crusader for higher press and broadcasting standards.

7. 我们从crusader的五个同义词就可以判断，这个词应该怎样翻译了。我们从crusader的五个同义词就可以判断，这个词应该怎样翻译了。

8. 第1段第2句 • 第1段第1句中“editor”即“主编”之义，不要简单地翻译成“编辑”；而我们习惯上往往会把“主编”翻译成“chief editor”，不妥。我们所说的“编辑”在英语里是“editorial assistants”。那些大型系列丛书或者词典的“总主编”应该是“editor-in-chief”。

9. An editor-in-chief • An editor-in-chief (also called executive editor) is a publication's primary editor, having final responsibility for the operations and policies. Additionally, the editor-in-chief is held accountable for delegating tasks to staff members as well as keeping up with the time it takes them to complete their task. The term is generally applied to newspapers, magazines, yearbooks, and television news programs. The term is also applied to academic journals, where the editor-in-chief ultimately decides whether a submitted manuscript will be published in the journal. This decision is made by the editor-in-chief after seeking input from reviewers selected on a basis of relevant expertise.

10. OED Editor-in-chief Sir James Murray

11. The Oxford English Dictionary • 1st edition • 2nd edition

12. 第1段第2句 • staturen. • Stature可以有standing, status, rank, importance, reputation等意思 1. the height of something, esp a person or animal when standing 2. the degree of development of a person the stature of a champion 3. intellectual or moral greatness a man of stature • 将文中的stature和这两个定义比较一下，我们可以判断，这里所说的就是赛珍珠的“文学成就”。 … that Buck lacked the stature the Nobel Prize was intended to confirm。

13. 第1段第2句 • re·ha·bili·tate transitive verbrehabilitated -·tat′ed, rehabilitating -·tat′·ing • to restore to rank, privileges, or property which one has lost • to restore the good name or reputation of; reinstate in good repute • to put back in good condition; reestablish on a firm, sound basis a. to bring or restore to a normal or optimal state of health, constructive activity, etc. by medical treatment and physical or psychological therapy b. to prepare (a disabled person, an inmate, etc.) for useful employment or successful integration into society by counseling, training, etc. Nowadays Buck’s books are generally considered dated although attempts have been made to rehabilitate her work.

14. 第2段第2句Chinkiang on the Yangtse River的地名是旧的译法，需要查找一些历史资料，如在Treaty Ports & Extraterritoriality in 1920s 的题目之下（http://www.chinapage.com/transportation/port/treatport1.html ）及其相关的链接中局可以查到与旧时有关的中国地名。 • 在美国San José State University也有Place Names in Chinese的网页，http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/chinalan.htm，可以看到一些基本知识。

15. 第2段第4句Absalom Sydenstricker 第2段第5句Her mother, the former Caroline Stulting：这些旧时来华人员，多数有中文名字，可以查《近代外国来华人名辞典》（中国社会科学院近代史研究所翻译室，中国社会科学出版社，1981）。

16. 第3段第4句 Presbyterian Board of Missions等西方在华教会名目繁多，可以查阅上海市档案馆、美国旧金山大学利瑪窦中西文化历史研究所合編：《中國教會文獻目錄》（上海：上海古籍出版社，2002）或类似工具书。本文中指North Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions（美北长老会海外差会）

17. 第4段第4句 • 其中liberal的政治文化涵义是什么呢？看一看这个词的各个义项的定义，然后找到合适的义项： During this period China took steps toward liberal reform, especially through the May 4th Movement of 1917 to 1921.

18. lib•er•al adj. 1. a. Not limited to or by established, traditional, orthodox, or authoritarian attitudes, views, or dogmas; free from bigotry. b. Favoring proposals for reform, open to new ideas for progress, and tolerant of the ideas and behavior of others; broad-minded. c. Of, relating to, or characteristic of liberalism. d. Liberal Of, designating, or characteristic of a political party founded on or associated with principles of social and political liberalism, especially in Great Britain, Canada, and the United States. 2. a. Tending to give freely; generous: a liberal benefactor. b. Generous in amount; ample: a liberal serving of potatoes.

19. 3. Not strict or literal; loose or approximate: a liberal translation. • Of, relating to, or based on the traditional arts and sciences of a college or university curriculum: a liberal education. • a. Archaic Permissible or appropriate for a person of free birth; befitting a lady or gentleman. b. Obsolete Morally unrestrained; licentious.

20. 第5段第2句 The John Day Companywas a New York publishing firm that specialized in illustrated fiction and current affairs books and pamphlets from 1926-1968. It published books by, among others, Pearl Buck and Sidney Hook. It was founded by Richard Walsh in 1926 and named after John Day, the Elizabethan printer. Walsh was the editor and second husband of Pearl Buck.

21. John Day • John Day (or Daye) (c. 1522 – 23 July 1584) was an English Protestant printer. He specialised in printing and distributing Protestant literature and pamphlets, and produced many small format religious books, such as ABCs, sermons, and translations of psalms. He found fame, however, as the publisher of John Foxe's Actes and Monuments, also known as the Book of Martyrs, the largest and most technologically accomplished book printed in sixteenth century England.

22. The Chinese Novel. Nobel Lecture Delivered Before the Swedish Academy at Stockholm, December 12, 1938. - Pearl S. Buck 1939 - The John Day Company, New York - Advance review copy of the first edition Advance review copy of the first edition signed by Buck on the front free endpaper. With laid-in publisher's letter signed by Richard J Walsh, her husband. This lecture detailed Buck's thoughts on the history, evolution, and impact of the Chinese novel, as well as her perception of its effects on her writing style. 

23. 第6段第1句 • “critical recognition”应该怎样翻译？能够译成“批评性/批判性的承认”吗？我们征求了老外网友的意见，将译文修正如下：“赛珍珠以小说《东风，西风》（1930年）开始其作家生涯，这部书得到了评论界的认可。” “As a writer Buck started with the novel EAST WIND: WEST WIND (1930), which received critical recognition.”

24. 第6段第2句 • Asia was a popular American magazine in the 1920s and 1930s that featured reporting about Asia and its people, including both the Far East and the Middle East. The magazine was published in New York City, and was founded by Gertrude Emerson Sen, who served as the first editor. The magazine was later edited by Elsie Weil. Writers published in the magazine included Lucy Fletcher Brown, John Dos Passos, Lev Nussimbaum, Edgar Snow and Rose Wilder Lane. • Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_(magazine)"

25. 第6段第4句 其中saga一词被老一辈翻译工作者，使用音与义结合的方法，巧妙地译成了一个看不出翻译痕迹的中文词，“世家”，与下面各义项的定义基本吻合： Its style, a combination of biblical prose and the Chinese narrative saga, increased the dignity of its characters.

26. sa•gan. 1. (Literary & Literary Critical Terms) any of several medieval prose narratives written in Iceland and recounting the exploits of a hero or a family 2. (Literary & Literary Critical Terms) any similar heroic narrative 3. (Literary & Literary Critical Terms) Also called saga novel a series of novels about several generations or members of a family 4. (Performing Arts / Theatre) any other artistic production said to resemble a saga 5. Informal a series of events or a story stretching over a long period

27. The Sagas of Icelanders (Icelandic: Íslendingasögur)—many of which are also known as family sagas—are prose histories mostly describing events that took place in Iceland in the 10th and early 11th centuries, during the so-called Saga Age. They are the best-known specimens of Icelandic literature. The Icelanders' sagas are a literary phenomenon of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. They are focused on history, especially genealogical and family history. They reflect the struggle and conflict that arose within the societies of the second and third generations of Icelandic settlers.The authors of these sagas are unknown. One, Egils saga, is believed by many modern scholars to have been written by Snorri Sturluson, a descendant of the saga's hero, but this remains uncertain. The standard modern edition of Icelandic sagas is known as Íslenzk Fornrit.

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