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Learn about the two types of metabolic reactions (anabolism and catabolism) and how they contribute to cell growth and repair. Discover the processes of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis, and understand the importance of enzymes in promoting metabolic reactions.
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4.2 Metabolic Reactions • Metabolic reactions are of two types: in anabolism reactions, larger molecules are constructed from smaller one. • The process that provides the biochemicals required for cell growth and repair is anabolism. • In catabolism reactions, larger molecules are broken down. • The reactions of metabolism are often reversible. • Which process requires energy? Anabolism Which releases energy? Catabolism • The process of joining two molecules by removing water is called dehydration synthesis. A by-product of dehydration synthesis is water. • The process of splitting two molecule by adding water is called hydrolysis.Hydrolysis occurs during digestion.
4.3 Control of Metabolic Reactions continued… • Enzymes are needed to promote metabolic reactions in the body because the temperature in cells is not high enough to promote the increase in chemical reaction rates. • Very small quantities of enzymes are needed because they are not consumed in the metabolic reaction they facilitate. • Enzymes can be denatured (destroyed) by heat and radiation, chemicals and extremes of pH, and electricity.
