1 / 11

Chapter 14 Acids and Bases

Acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. Chapter 14 Acids and Bases. 14.3 Strengths of Acids and Bases. Strengths of Acids. A strong acid ionizes (100%) in aqueous solutions . HCl( g ) + H 2 O( l ) H 3 O + ( aq ) + Cl - ( aq )

brynne-zamora
Download Presentation

Chapter 14 Acids and Bases

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. Chapter 14 Acids and Bases 14.3 Strengths of Acids and Bases

  2. Strengths of Acids • A strong acid ionizes (100%) in aqueous solutions. HCl(g) + H2O(l) H3O+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) • A weak acid dissociates only slightly in water to form an aqueous solution containing mostly molecules of acid and a few ions. H2CO3(aq) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + HCO3− (aq)

  3. Strong and Weak Acids In solution, • hydrochloric acid, HCl, a strong acid, dissociates 100% • acetic acid, CH3COOH, a weak acid, contains mostly molecules and a few ions

  4. Strong Acids Strong acids • make up six of all the acids • have weak conjugate bases

  5. Weak Acids Weak acids • make up most of the acids • have strong conjugate bases

  6. Bases in household products are used to remove grease and to open drains. Strong Bases Strong bases • are formed from metals of Groups 1A (1) and 2A (2) • include LiOH, NaOH, KOH, and Ba(OH)2 • dissociate 100% in water KOH(s) K+(aq) + OH−(aq)

  7. Weak Bases Weak bases • are poor acceptors of protons • dissociate only slightly in water • produce only a few ions in water • are used in household products such as cleaners NH3(g) + H2O(l) NH4+(aq) + OH−(aq)

  8. Learning Check Identify each of the following as a strong or weak acid or base: A. HBr B. HNO2 C. NaOH D. H2SO4 E. Cu(OH)2

  9. Solution A. HBr strong acid B. HNO2 weak acid C. NaOH strong base D. H2SO4 strong acid E. Cu(OH)2 weak base

  10. Learning Check A. Identify the stronger acid in each pair. 1. HNO2 or H2S 2. HCO3- or HBr 3. H3PO4 or H3O+ B. Identify the stronger base in each pair. 1. NO3- or F- 2. CO32- or NO2- 3. OH- or H2O

  11. Solution A. Identify the stronger acid in each pair. 1. HNO2 2. HBr 3. H3O+ B. Identify the stronger base in each pair. 1. F- 2. CO32- 3. OH-

More Related