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Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology. Part four. Basic Parts of Medical Words. Roots: usually the middle of the word and its central meaning Prefix: a syllable at the beginning of the word which usually identifies some subdivision or part of the central meaning

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Medical Terminology

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  1. MedicalTerminology Part four

  2. Basic Parts of Medical Words Roots: usually the middle of the word and its central meaning Prefix: a syllable at the beginning of the word which usually identifies some subdivision or part of the central meaning Suffix: comes at the end of the central meaning and refers to what or who is interacting or what is happening regarding it.

  3. Example • Myocarditis • Root: card (referring to the heart) • Prefix: myo (referring to the muscle) • Suffix: itis (inflammation) • Meaning: inflammation of the muscle layer of the heart • Read the meaning of medical terms from the suffix, back to the beginning of the term, and then across.

  4. Myocarditis

  5. Changes Prefix change: Pericarditis (inflammation of the outer layer of the heart) Endocartitis (inflammation of the inner lining of the heart) Suffix change: Cardiologist ( a physician specializing in the heart) Cardiomyopathy (damage to heart muscle layer) Cardiomegaly (enlargement of the heart)

  6. Also: Combining vowels Usually is the letter “O” but may be A, E, I, U or Y Usually has no meaning of its own but is used to connect the root and the suffix or two roots and two suffixes Example: ELECTR O CARDI O GRAM GASTR O ENTER ITIS

  7. Examples GASTR O ENTER O LOGY (ROOT) (ROOT) (SUFFIX) GASTR O SCOPE (ROOT) (SUFFIX) GASTR IC (ROOT) (SUFFIX) GASTR O ENTER ITIS (ROOT) (ROOT) (SUFFIX)

  8. Plurals Words ending in a, retain theaadd ae : vertebra - vertebrae Words ending in is, drop the is and add es: Diagnosis - diagnoses Words ending in ex or ix, drop the ex or ix and add ices: apex - apices Words ending in on, drop the on and add a: ganglion - ganglia 5. Words ending in um, drop the um and add a: bacterium - bacteria Words ending in us, drip the us and add i: bronchus - bronchi

  9. Carcinoma • Carcin / oma • Carcin = cancer • -oma = tumor or mass • Tumor or mass of cancer • cancer, cancerous • Carcinoma • carcinogen

  10. cephal/o • Head • Cephalic • Cephal / ic • Cephal = head • -ic = pertaining to • Pertaining to the head

  11. cyst/o • urinary/bladder • Cystoscopy

  12. Cystoscopy • Cysto / scopy • Cyst/o= bladder • -scopy = visual examination • Visual examination of the bladder

  13. Cystoscope • Cysto / scope • Cyst/o= bladder • -scope = instrument to view • Instrument to view the bladder

  14. electr/o • Electricity • Electric • Electrocardiogram

  15. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)☤ • Electr/o/cardi/o/gram • Electr/o = electicity • Cardi/o = heart • -gram = record • Record of the electricity of the heart

  16. encephal/o • Brain • electroencephalogram (EEG) • encephalitis

  17. electroencephalogram (EEG) • Electr/o/encephal/o/gram • Electr/o = electrcity • Encephal/o = brain • -gram = record • Record of the electricity of the brain

  18. Encephalitis • Encephal / itis • Encephal = brain • -itis = inflammation • Inflammation of the brain

  19. gynec/o R★ • women, female • gynecology • Gynecologist

  20. Gynecology • Gynec / o / logy • Gynec/o = women • -logy = study of • Study of women

  21. Gynecologist • Gynec / o / logist • Gynec/o = women • -logist = specialist in • Specialist (in the study) of women

  22. lapar/o • abdomen (area between the chest and hip) • Laparoscopy • Laparoscope

  23. Laparoscope • Lapar / o / scopy • Lapr/o = abdomen • -scope = instrument used to visualize • Instrument used to visualize the abdomen

  24. nephr/o • Kidney • Nephrectomy • Nephritis • Nephrologist

  25. Nephrectomy • Nephr / ectomy • Nephr = kidney • -ectomy = removal of • Removal (cutting out) of the kidney

  26. Nephritis • Nephr / itis • Nephr = kidney • itis = inflammation • Inflammation of the kidney

  27. Nephrologist • Nephr / o / logist • Nephr/o = kidney • -logist = specialist in • Specialist in the kidney

  28. neur/o • Nerve • Neurology • Neurologist • Neural • Neuralgia • Neurosis

  29. Neurology • Neur / o / logy • Neur/o = nerves • -logy = study of • Study of nerves

  30. Neurologist • Neur / o / logist • Neur/o = nerves • -logist = specialist in • Specialist in nerves

  31. Neural • Neur / al • Neur = nerves • -al = pertaining to • Pertaining to the nerves

  32. Neuralgia • Neur / algia • Neur = nerves • -algia = pain • Pain of the nerves (nerve pain)

  33. Neurosis • Neur / osis • Neur = nerves • -osis = abnormal condition • Abnormal condition of the nerves

  34. ophthalm/o • Eye • Ophthalmologist • Ophthalmology • ophthalmoscope

  35. Ophthalmologist • Ophthalm/o/logist • Ophthalm/o = eyes • -logist = specialist in • Specialist in eyes

  36. Ophthalmology • Ophthalm / o / logy • Ophthalm/o = eyes • -logy = study of • The study of eyes

  37. Ophthalmoscope • Ophthalmoscope • Ophthalm/o = eyes • -scope = instrument to view • Instrument to view the eyes

  38. oste/o • Bone • Osteoarthritis • osteoporosis

  39. Osteoarthritis☤ • Oste / o / arthr / itis • Oste/o = bone • Arthr = joint • -itis = inflammation • Inflammation of the bone and joints

  40. path/o R★ • Disease • Pathologist • Pathology • Psychopathic

  41. Pathologist • Path / o / logist • Path/o = disease • -logist = specialist in

  42. Pathology • Path / o / logy • Path/o = disease • -logy = Study of • Study of disease

  43. psych/o • Mind • Psychology • Psychologist • Psychosis

  44. Psychology • Psych / o / logy • Psych/o = mind • -logy = study of • Study of the mind

  45. Psychologist • Psych / o / logist • Psych/o = mind • -logist = specialist in • Specialist in the mind

  46. Psychosis • Psych / osis • Psych = mind • -osis = abnormal condition • Abnormal condition of the mind

  47. Psychopathic • Psych/o/path/ic • Psycho/o = mind • Path = disease • -ic =condition of • Condition of mind disease

  48. ren/o R★ • Kidney • Renal

  49. Rhin/o • Nose • Rhinitis • Rhin / itis • Rhin = nose • -itis = inflammation of • Inflammation of the nose

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