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Motion and Energy Ch.9

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Motion and Energy Ch.9

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    1. Motion and Energy Ch.9

    3. Describing Motion a. Motion When an object changes position over time when compared with a reference point.

    4. b. Reference Point Place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion

    8. c. Distance & Displacement Distance -Total length of the actual path between 2 points (yellow path) Displacement - length & direction of a straight line between starting & ending points

    9. II. Speed and velocity a. Speed - The rate at which an object moves b. Average Speed = Distance Time S = d t

    11. c. Velocity - the speed of an object in a particular direction (or reference point). d. Velocity changes if either speed or direction changes

    13. e. Graphing speed - you can show motion with a line graph by plotting distance versus time. - Time- x axis (horizontal axis) - Distance - y axis (vertical axis) f. Slope - the steepness of the line

    15. III. Acceleration a. A change in velocity b. If speed changes or direction changes, you have acceleration c. Negative acceleration (slowing down) is also called deceleration

    16. d. Acceleration is final velocity minus initial velocity divided by the time it takes to change velocity. Acceleration = Vf – Vi Time

    19. g. Graphing acceleration - you can use both a speed versus time graph and a distance versus time graph to analyze acceleration What is the acceleration of the cyclist? Is he accelerating at a constant rate or not? How do you know?

    20. 8. Graphing Acceleration What is the speed of the cyclist between the 2nd and 3rd second? What is the speed o the cyclist between the 5th and 6th second? Is the cyclist accelerating or not? How do you know?

    22. IV. Energy Work – is done when an object is caused to move a certain distance. The ability to do work or cause change is called energy. Kinetic energy – the energy an object has due to its motion. Kinetic energy of an object depends on both its mass and speed. Potential energy – stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object.

    23. e. Gravitational potential energy – an objects energy which depends on its weight and its height relative to a reference point. f. Elastic potential energy – the potential energy of objects that can be stretched or compressed. g. Mechanical energy – an object’s combined kinetic energy and potential energy. h. Any object that rises or falls experiences a change in its kinetic and gravitational potential energy. i. Law of conservation of energy – energy cannot be created or destroyed.

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