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2. Are Substances a Problem for our Students? National admitted use, 2010, grades 9-12* • Inhalants 11.4% • Prescription drugs without 20.7% a prescription • Cocaine/Crack 6.8% • Tobacco 30.5% • Marijuana 39.9% • Alcohol 70.8% *CDC, Surveillance Surveys, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance (YRBBS), 2011

3. Texas substance abuse, grades 7-12 • Inhalants 17.2% * • Illicit Drugs 27.9% * • Cocaine/Crack 5.4% * • Marijuana 26.2% * • Alcohol 61.8% * • Tobacco 30.5% * *Texas School Survey of Substance Use, 2010

4. First use by students in grades 7-12: • 42.1% Tobacco before age 13 • 50.5% Alcohol before age 13 • 27.5% Marijuana before age 13 *Texas School Survey of Substance Use, 2008

5. IT IS NEVER TOO LATE TO INTERVENE • Always express an interest. • Children often imitate behaviors. • Education and communication are the keys. • Be alert to change. • Monitor what children are doing. • Don’t assume it can’t happen. • Set aside time for family. Family Circle, “The Agony What Every Parent Must Know”. April, 2002.

6. Do you know what illegal substances your children have access to in their daily lives?

7. Types of Illegal Substances • Controlled Substances • Dangerous Drugs • Alcohol • Inhalants

8. Prescription Drugs • Many school infractions today involve prescription medications • A prescription drug is any medication which requires a pharmacist to dispense to a patient or their guardian under the direction of a physician.

9. Controlled Substances • A substance, including a drug, an adulterant, and a dilutant, listed in Schedules I-V or Penalty Groups 1-1A or 2-4 as defined by the Controlled Substances Act. Controlled Substances Act, Chapter 481

10. Controlled Substances … Placement on a specific controlled substance schedule is based on • Existence of or lack of medical uses • Danger of physical or psychological dependence • Potential for abuse

11. Controlled Substances … • Drug determined by DEA to have the potential for abuse • Most are legal with a Rx, for example • Hydrocodone • Oxycontin • Xanax • Valium • Some are illegal • Cocaine • Marijuana • Synthetic Marijuana Some examples include:

12. Psycho-Stimulants: Ritalin, Adderall, Concerta • Medical uses: ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) • Possible effects: Dizziness, loss of appetite, irritability, palpitations, nervousness

13. Anti-Anxiety: Xanax, Clonazepam, Valium • Medical uses:Anxiety, panic disorders • Possible effects: Drowsiness, light-headedness, confusion, nervousness, racing pulse rate, low blood pressure, tremors, slurred speech, addictive decreased respiration and pulse

14. Pain: OxyContin, Hydrocodone, Vicodin • Medical uses: Moderate to severe pain • Possible effects: Drowsiness, sedation, nausea, mental cloudiness, addictive

15. “Cheese”—a combination of heroin and Tylenol PM Snorted Sells for as little as $2 per hit Often sold wrapped in notebook paper Controlled Substances …

16. Synthetic Marijuana • Referred to as Spice, K2, Kush, and Salvia • Mixture of herbs treated with a chemical and sold as incense • Manufacture, delivery or possession of a miscellaneous substance is now illegal in Texas. • Possible effects: chest pain, heart palpitations, drowsiness, hallucinations, nausea and confusion Controlled Substances Act, Chapter 481

17. Dangerous Drugs • A device or a drug that is unsafe for self-medication and that is not included in the Schedules I-V or Penalty Groups 1-4 of Chapter 481. Controlled Substances Act, Chapter 483

18. Dangerous Drugs … • Any non-scheduled drug requiring a doctor’s Rx • Low potential for abuse • Some highly toxic and possibly fatal—e.g. Lithium

19. Someprescriptions that may be available to your children come from: • Your own medicine cabinet • Your children’s friends • Homes visited by your children Some examples include:

20. Antidepressant / Anti-Obsessional Prozac, Zoloft, Wellbutrin Medical uses: Depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder Possible effects: Nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, dizziness, hot flashes, decreased appetite

21. Mood Stabilizers: Depakote, Lithium Medical Uses: Seizure disorders, bipolar Possible effects: Drowsiness, tremors, irregular heartbeat, Lithium toxicity, diarrhea

22. Antipsychotic: Risperdal, Zyprexa Medical uses: Psychosis (difficulty with thought process) Possible effects: Drowsiness, low blood pressure, restlessness, involuntary movement, rigidity of muscles *Can be fatal with one dose

23. How Does KISD Identify Drugs • School nurse • www.drugs.com • Law enforcement • Pharmacist • PDR – Physicians Desk Reference

24. Alcohol • Most commonly abused drug among youth • Beer is the most popular alcoholic beverage followed by liquor • Nationally, 21% of students drank alcohol for the first time before the age of 13.

25. Inhalants • Often first substance abused by teens • Includes substances such as glue, magic markers, correction fluid, spray paint, etc. • Can cause long-term damage to brain, nerve cells, heart, lungs • Can cause suffocation and death

26. Over-the-Counter Medications • Cough suppressants such as Coricidin, (Triple C) Vicks, Robitussin • Pseudoephedrines • Even Tylenol • Over-the-counter medications are not on a drug schedule, but they may be abused by teens.

27. Do you know what signs to look for if your children become involved with illegal substances?

28. Signs to look for … • It is a challenge to tell because mood swings and unpredictable behaviors are not uncommon for teens. • Be alert for two or more of the following indicators:

29. Watch Tips for Parents • Change in clothing choices/personal grooming • Hostile/uncooperative attitude • Less interaction at home and school • Change of friends • Appetite/sleep changes • Change in grades • Unexplained cash

30. Possible Clues to Drug Use • Lighters • Matches • Drug drawings • Empty Rx containers • Cigarettes • Small baggies • Razorblades/small pocket knives • Pieces of foil • Faucet screens

31. More Clues • Pipes • Bongs • Magazines • Music

32. Popular Hiding Places (Goal is concealment with accessibility) • Mint cans • Pen cases • Socks, wallets, pockets, hats, waistline • Lipstick containers • Flashlights • Make-up kits • Battery containers

33. Keep Your Eyes Open • The bedroom • The medicine cabinet • The house • The yard • The car • The neighbors • Child’s friends • Family

34. Wise Up! Do you know the consequences if your children have illegal substances at school?

35. Consequences … • There MAY be legal consequences. • There WILL be school consequences.

36. Legal Consequences • Legal penalties are tied to schedules I-V (smaller numbers have more severe legal consequences). • Penalties for most illegal substance offenses in a school zone are enhanced to the next level—for example, a Class A misdemeanor may become a state jail felony offense.

37. School Consequences • Each case involving illegal substances is unique and is investigated and evaluated by the administration on its own merits. • Cases are handled in accordance with KISD policy as noted in the student handbooks and Student Code of Conduct.

38. School Consequences … Any KISD student found to have • possessed • used or • delivered any illegal substance at school or at a school activity is subject to disciplinary actions.

39. Range of School Consequences …Possession and/or use of a controlled substance or dangerous drug*Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 • DAEP to expulsion depending on type of drug and amount possessed • DAEP length, 45 school days • Expulsion length, 90 school days

40. Range of School Consequences …Delivery of controlled substance or dangerous drug*Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 • Expulsion • Length of expulsion, 90 school days

41. Range of School Consequences …Marijuana or synthetic marijuana offenses (possession, use, and/or delivery)*Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 • DAEP to expulsion, depending on facts of the case • DAEP length, 45 school days • Expulsion length, 90 school days

42. Range of School Consequences …Alcohol offenses(possession, use, and/or delivery)*Texas Education Code, 37.006 and 37.007 • DAEP to expulsion, depending on facts of the case • DAEP length • 1st offense 30 school days • 2nd & subsequent offenses 45 school days • In grades 6-12 • Expulsion length 90 school days

43. Wise Up! Do you know what is considered a weapon and not allowed at school?

44. Examples of Weapons • Club • Brass Knuckles • Switchblade Knife • Any article capable of inflicting serious bodily injury • Firearms • Starter Guns • Knives • Razors • Chemical weapons such as Mace • Explosive Devices

45. Stars Knives Mace Razor Key chain knife

46. Firearm Explosive Device Club

47. Kitchen Knife Switchblade Knife Knuckles

48. Wise Up! Do you know the consequences if your children have weapons at school?

49. Consequences • There MAY be legal consequences. • There WILL be school consequences.

50. LegalConsequences A person commits an offense if the person intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly possesses a firearm, illegal knife, club, or prohibited weapon on the physical premises of a school, grounds or building on which school activity is conducted, or a public or private school transportation vehicle. Chapter 46.01 of the Penal Code