La La Liberte : Revolution in France!

1. La LaLiberte: Revolution in France! Thursday September 26

2. What we will be learning in this unit: • French Society • King Louis XVI: The “Sun King” • Marie Antoinette: “Off with her head” • Viva la revolution! Crisis, conflict, the fall of the Bastile and Revolutionary Wars • Declaration of the Rights of Man • The Reign of Terror • …. And later, Napolean!

3. KWL Chart

4. Setting the Scene • France was not like England was in the last unit • In England people had never really accepted the concept of the Divine Right of Kings • which is what paved the way for the reforms that we saw in our last unit • William and Mary signed the Bill of Rights and made Parliament the true government in England

5. Setting the Scene: France • In France, citizens didn’t have rights. France had to have a bloody revolution in order to overthrow their monarchy • The French Revolution changed France FOREVER • … and it affected the rest of Europe and the development of democracy everywhere!

6. Setting the Scene: France • Out of touch monarchy • French rulers had completely lost touch with their subjects • Heavily in debt, taxes were high • Great social inequality • France was one of the last countries in the world to still have the Feudal System (with Serfs and Manors)

7. Take 5! • Take 5 minutes and look through the chapter. • Look at: Pictures, headings, maps etc. • What 3 things seem the most interesting to you? • Come up with 5 things you want to know about the French Revolution

8. The Regions of France • Turn to page 57 • P.58, questions 1a and 1b together • Question #3 in partners • Think Pair Share!

9. Interpret the picture • Turn to page 59 • Looking at the picture, what can you tell about the people in the image? • They are peasants, but they are well-off… How can you tell? • Look at the map on page 58 – where might these people have lived?

10. Eye witness account, page 60 • Read the passage on page 60 • Facts and Inferences • A fact is something you know to be true (you can read the evidence in the text, for example) • An inference is something that you determine after you gain knowledge from the fact • Example: Mrs. O’Brien is short – fact. Mrs. O’Brien can’t reach the top shelf because she is short – inference • Come up with a list of facts and inferences from the text!

11. Facts • Women and girls are without shoes or stockings • Children have poor clothing • One third of province (“seems to be”) uncultivated • He met a 28 year old women with 7 children

12. Inference • The poor seem very poor • Poverty seems to be undermining the national prosperity • There appears to be widespread misery in the province • The government, both national and local is stupid, tyrannical and backward • Women work much harder than the men • Bearing many children wears the women down • The newborn are destined to a life of servitude no better off than slaves

13. On your own • Read pages 59-61 • Take notes comparing the social structure of France at this time, to what you learned about the social structure in England

14. Social Structure France in the 1700s • Like a pyramid (draw it!) with the King, aristocrats, bourgeoisie, and peasants • The peasants:…… • Tell me about them! • The bourgeoisie…. . • Tell me about them! • Slums in the cities • Tell me about them! England in the 1600s • King, Upper class, Middle Class, Lower class • Upper class: nobles and wealthy people; made enough money to live very well and have a good diet and nice things • Middle class: merchants, blacksmiths, landowners, professionals… still often very poor and had just enough money to survive • People lived in the country (farmers) and in cities (…)

15. Louis XIV: The Extravagant Sun King

16. Louis 14th • Does anyone know why Louis was called the Sun King?

17. Louis 14th • Does anyone know why Louis was called the Sun King? It was because he associated himself with the Greek God Appollo, the Sun God. He believed he was the source of all light in the nation and the sun became a ‘mascot’ for him

18. LOUIS XIV • Ruled for 70 years • In the age of absolute monarchs Louis set the bar even higher • He saw himself as the centre of French life and culture…. He said “I AM the nation” • What would people think if Stephen Harper said this?

19. LOUIS XIV (14) • To ensure his position as the greatest monarch in Europe, Louis built a vast palace in the village of Versailles (now known as the palace of Versailles) • He forced nobles to live there with him and he became the centre of their lives • Everything they did required Louis’ approval! • Nobles even had to take daily ballet lessons in order to learn how to move and gesture gracefully in the presence of the king!

20. Versailles

21. While you're living it up, some of us are starving • In France’s tax system at the time, the people with the least money paid the most • Another reason why we might say France was a backwards country? • What other things did we say made France “backwards”?

22. Backwards France - Review • People with the least amount of money were paying the most taxes • France still had absolute monarchs even in the 18th century • French citizens had no rights, even though England had been developing democracy for centuries • France STILL had the feudal system (from the Medieval period!)

23. Louis the 14th – no friend of the church or the people • Louis involved himself in the politics of the church – he claimed that he had special rights in the Church because he was the king • He persecuted Calvinist Protestants (known as HUGUENOTS) so they left… these people were often the business people, so this cause the economy to plummet! • He tried to expand French territory and became involved in many wars

24. Louis the 16th …. At least he wasn’t like the 14th!

25. Louis 16th • Read page 64 “The Reign of Louis XVI” • Complete question #2 on page 68