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English accents

English accents. 13. General American (cont.). r-coloured vowels. NURSE [3` ] first, third, occur, serve lettER [@`] gather, standard, persist. historically: short vowels fell together as / ə / before /r/ [ ə] and [r] coalesced as a single rhotacized vowel

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English accents

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  1. English accents 13. General American (cont.)

  2. r-coloured vowels NURSE [3` ] first, third, occur, serve lettER [@`] gather, standard, persist • historically: • short vowels fell together as /ə/ before /r/ • [ə] and [r] coalesced as a single rhotacized vowel • (in non-rhotic accents) the rhotacization was lost

  3. The THOUGHT vowel/ɔ/ • Variation in quality: generally opener than in BrE • In the CLOTH set as well as the THOUGHT set • Subject to an on-going merger with /ɑ/ LOT ("the low back merger") dawn-don, hawk-hock • Those who have not merged /ɔ/ and /ɑ/ have lexical variability in on, fog, sorry, wash

  4. The TRAP-BATH vowel /æ/ With regional, social-stylistic and positional variation, subject to raising and tensing to [ɛː ~ eə ~ iə] jazz

  5. The LOT vowel/ɑ/ • Subject to fronting to [a] ("Northern Cities Shift"), which protects it from the Low Back Merger found west of the Mississippi, in western Pennsylvania, in Canada etc.

  6. The Northern Cities shift ʌSTRUT æTRAP ɔ THOUGHT ɑLOT

  7. … also, the lowering and centralization of /ɪ/ (KIT) and /ɛ/ (DRESS) KIT DRESS STRUT THOUGHT TRAP LOT

  8. http://www.pbs.org/speak/seatosea/americanvarieties/radio/#

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