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Architecture

Architecture. Studying architecture helps us understand history better. 3,000 BC – 70 AD Egyptian Pyramids. burial places for pharaohs built by thousands of slaves. The Great Sfinx of Giza. England. ASTRONOMICAL PURPOSES OR WORSHIPPING?. Stonehenge 3,100-1,900 BC. Avebury.

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Architecture

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  1. Architecture

  2. Studying architecture helps usunderstand history better .

  3. 3,000 BC – 70 AD EgyptianPyramids • burial places for pharaohs • built by thousands of slaves The Great Sfinx of Giza

  4. England • ASTRONOMICAL PURPOSES OR WORSHIPPING? Stonehenge 3,100-1,900 BC Avebury

  5. Greece and RomeClassicalarchitecture 600 BC – 5th AD Artemis Temple (Greece) Parthenon (Greece) Coliseum (Rome) • Decorativeelements: • columns • arches Materials: inventionofconcrete

  6. Hadrian´s Wall between England and Scotland • - 120 km long protective line (the • Picts´attacks) • buildingwasstarted in 122 AD by Roman Emperor Hadrian

  7. Romanesquearchitecture(11-13thcentury) St George´s Basilica on mountain Říp • Typicalbuildings: • Basilicas • Monasteries • rotundas St. George´s Basilica in Prague Material: stone

  8. Romanesque architecture (11-13th century) • features: • massivebuildings • roundarches • paintedwalls • roundedwindows, doors Durham Cathedral – a typical Romanesque building in England

  9. Gothicarchitecture(12 – 15thcentury) Notre Dame in Paris Salisbury Cathedral, England Features: - arches - vaults - tallbuildings - colourfulstainedglasswindows

  10. Gothic architecture (12 – 15th century) Famousarchitects: Peter Parler Matthias ofArras Saint Vitus Cathedral in Prague Karlstein

  11. Renaissancearchitecture(15 – 16thcentury) Renaissance = rebirthoflife Typicalfeatures: - smallersymmetricalbuildings - horizontal lines - windows and doors square orrectangular - sgraffito, stucco Louvre St. Peter´s Basilica in Vatican

  12. Renaissance architecture (15 – 16th century) Typicalbuildings: mansions palaces townhouses Architects: MichelangeloBuonarotti Leonardo da Vinci Rafael Santi Slavonice Belveder Palace in Prague

  13. Baroquearchitecture(17 – 19thcentury) St Paul´s Cathedral In London Architects: - Sir Christopher Wren Versailles, Paris • Typicalfeatures: • complicatedshapes • fancydecorations • luxuriousdetails • irregularshapes • contrastbetweenlight and darkcolours • - extravagantornamentation

  14. Baroque architecture(17 – 19th century) Buildings: chateaux hugedomes St Nicholas Church in Prague Troja Palace, Prague

  15. Classicism (18th century) Inspired by ancientGreece • Typicalbuildings: • spas • theatres • triumpharches • gates • fortifications František´s Spas Theatre of Estates in Prague • Typicalfeatures: • straight lines • lightcolours • not many decorations

  16. Neo-Classicalarchitecture(18 – 19thcentury) Capitol Inspiration: Roman and Greekbuildings White House • Typicalfeatures: • geometricalshapes • columns • domedroofs

  17. Neo-Gothicarchitecture(18 – 20thcentury) the Houses of Parliament

  18. Art Nouveau (1895 – 1905) Municipal House in Prague • Features: • twisting lines • wavyshapes • focus on details Industrial Palace in Prague • New materials • glass • clay Main Train Station in Prague

  19. Art Nouveau (1895 – 1905) in Kladno Theatre in Kladno GrammarSchool Library

  20. Art Deco architecture(1918 – 1939) The Empire State Building Radio City Music Hall in New York

  21. Art Deco architecture(1918 – 1939) • originally only for rich people • later became popular with the general public Alcron Hotel in Prague • Materials: • aluminium • stainless steel • Lacquer • Bakelite • Chrome • inlaid wood

  22. Functionalism1920 - 1970 Villa Tugendhat in Brno Tower block in Kladno-Rozdelov

  23. VOCABULARY monastery – mužský klášter pharao – faraon worshipping – uctívání bohů concrete – beton arch - oblouk vault – klenba colourful stained glass – vitráž rectangular – obdélníkový, pravoúhlý mansion – honosné sídlo, velký obytný dům mansions (GB - blok činožovních domů) fancy – luxusní, vyšperkovaný dome – kupole, báň chrámu Art Nouveau – secese the general public – široká veřejnost chrome – pochromovaný povrch inlaid wood – vykládané dřevo

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