Zinn Chapter 9 and Owl Creek

1. Zinn Chapter 9 and Owl Creek Objectives: • To demonstrate your understanding of the themes within “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” • To compare texts about the same time period to each other • To analyze the text from literary devices • To demonstrate your understanding of Zinn Chapter 9 • To evaluate Zinn’s argument in chapter 9 Agenda • Discuss An Occurrence at Owl Creek • Discuss Zinn Chapter 9 HW: • Andrew Johnsons First Annual Message to Congress • Thaddeus Stevens Speech to Congress • Frederick Douglass’s Evaluation of Reconstruction • Prepare for Reconstruction debate

2. “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” • What themes are apparent in this short story? How do they connect to the themes within “Beloved”? • Does the story feel realistic, or is it intended to be fantastic in some way? Is this merely entertainment, or is there a meaning to the tale? • Bierce was a Union soldier--does this story shed any light on his views of himself, his cause, or his enemies? • What might this story suggest about Northern attitudes about the war and the South in the years following the war?

3. Zinn Chapter 9 Questions • Why write this chapter? Did Zinn really present any information that wasn’t obvious or in the textbook? • What is Zinn’s view of Lincoln? Do you agree or disagree with his view? • Why does Zinn continually bring up black resistance to slavery and racists ideals of the reconstruction south? What is he trying to highlight that he feels is overlooked in history? Why would it be important to the study of history and race relations in America even today? • Zinn mentions the role of the Ku Klux Klan in helping to bring about the end of slavery. He calls them terrorist, why is it that our nation is so ready to hunt down terrorists in other nations and leave them be in our own country? • In studying reconstruction what do you feel the purpose of it was? To restore the Union? Or to secure freedom and social equality for all regardless of race? If it was to restore the Union was it a failure or a success? If it was to ensure freedom and social equality was it a failure or a success? Are these two ideas mutually exclusive? • How is Zinn’s chapter different than chapter 22 of the textbook? Is this chapter speaking to everyone, to separate groups at separate times, or to one particular group? Why?

4. Groups • Resolution: Reconstruction was a success because it successfully reunited the country and by 1885 America was prospering and growing. • If you last name starts with A-H you are on the Affirmative Side • If you last name starts with K-Y you are on the Negative Side

5. Debate Prep • You must prepare the following things for the Debate on Thursday • You need a position statement • This is an argument that outlines your stance and provide substantial evidence to back it up. This should be pretty long as it is your entire argument. • You need a list of evidence • This is literally a list of all the possible evidence you will/can use in your position statement as well as a rebuttal if necessary • You need a list of reasons • Each piece of evidence should also include an explanation of how it supports your side of the argument • This must be turned in to turnitin.com by 7:00 Thursday January 5th

6. Reconstruction debate • 1AC (first Affirmative Constructive) – 7 minutesA good introduction that attracts the audiences attention and interest in the topicClearly state the resolutionClearly state each of your contentions    Support with reason and evidenceConclude effectively • Cross Ex of the Aff by the Neg – 3 minutesYou ask questions – have a strategy or at the very least a direction to your questioningBe courteousFace the audience • 1NC (first Negative Constructive) – 8 minutesA good introduction that attracts the audiences attention and interest in the topicClearly state the Negative’s position on the topicClearly state the Negative’s Observations    Support with reason and evidenceAttack and question the Affirmative’s Contentions/evidenceConclude effectively • Cross Ex of the Negby the Aff – 3 minutes  You ask questions – have a strategy or at the very least a direction to your questioningBe courteousFace the audience 

7. Reconstruction Debate • Rebuttal Speeches – No new arguments are allowed – new evidence, analysis is ok • 1AR (first Affirmative Rebuttal) - 4 minutesRespond to the Neg Observations – show how they are not as strong/relevant as the Aff ContentionsRebuild the Aff case • NR (Negative Rebuttal) – 7 minutesRespond to latest Affirmative argumentsMake your final case to the audience that the Neg position is superior to the AffTry and convince the audience the Aff has failed to carry the burden of proofSummarize the debate and conclude effectively and ask for the audience to agree with the Neg position • 2AR (second Affirmative Rebuttal) – 4 minutesRespond to final Negative argumentsSummarize the debate and show the audience how the Aff position is superior – and the Aff has     carried the burden of proofConclude effectively.