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Islam and Women’s rights

Islam and Women’s rights. Siti Ruhaini Dzuhayatin Center for Women’s Studies State Islamic University Yogyakarta-Indonesia. Topics. How Muslim in Indonesia defines women’s rights. Contentious Issues of Women’s Rights in Indonesia.

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Islam and Women’s rights

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  1. Islam and Women’s rights Siti Ruhaini Dzuhayatin Center for Women’s Studies State Islamic University Yogyakarta-Indonesia

  2. Topics • How Muslim in Indonesia defines women’s rights. • Contentious Issues of Women’s Rights in Indonesia. • Initiatives to promote women’s rights in Islamic perspectives.

  3. Islam in Indonesia

  4. Islam in Indonesia • Diverse: ethnics, class and schools of thoughts (conservatives and progressive) • Cultural Islam and Ideological Islam • In the past: • Cultural Islam: Nine prominent Islamic scholars: Islamization through education & mass education • Political Islam: Islamic Kingdoms & Islamic local power.

  5. Islam in Indonesia • The Colonial Cultural Islam: education & public services: • Traditionalist: Absorptive and accommodative to local culture but resistance to the “Western & Modern system” (Nahdatul Ulama) • Protecting & isolating Islamic community from colonial & Christian mission. • Maintaining the Islamic schools : Pesantren & madrasah • Rejecting modern science and Western “life style” • Based in Rural Areas and some are in the poor areas.

  6. Modernist: Muhammadiyah • Based in urban setting, mainly trading communities. • Establishing Modern Muslim organization. • Engaging with the Islamic Modern thought • Defending Muslim from Christian mission by adopting colonial educational and public services. • Not possible to isolate Muslim from modernization.

  7. Views of Women’s rights • Both Organizations tend to share similar stand points in women’s issues. • Conservative and selective in granting rights to women. • Muhammadiyah became very close to the New Order regime: Supporter of state gender ideology. • NU was gradually marginalized from the state affiliation: developing alternative discourse against the state interest: Pro-democracy movement= civil society movement: women movement.

  8. Women’s rights & Social movements • Modernist is in support to state policy of “traditional women roles” • NU is more closer to the civil rights movement: Muslim Feminist • Feminist groups: universal perspectives which are critical to the traditional gender roles, religious mysoginy and politized state gender roles.

  9. Issues of Women’s rights Cultural: patriarchy Legal Aspects: • Marriage and Family Law • National Health Law • Domestic Violence Act. Economic Aspect: Respond to the current global economic order: global capitalism.

  10. Women’s in Family Law 1974 • Inter-religious marriage • The roles of husband and wife • The divorce matters • Polygamy • Inheritance

  11. National Health Law • Reproductive Rights: • Abortion

  12. Domestic Violence Act • The definition of violence • The rights and responsibility to educate wife and children • The state involvement in domestic matters • Contribute to the family instability.

  13. Respond from various groups • State affiliated organizations: Muhammadiyah, ICMI, Ulama association (MUI). • Civil Society: religious group: NU • Secular feminist.

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