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Android Menu Example

Learn how to create a menu in an Android application that supports options/sub/context menus and displays messages when a menu is clicked.

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Android Menu Example

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  1. Android Introduction GUI Menu @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu Many thanks to Jun Bum Lim for his help with this tutorial.

  2. Goal • Create an application that supports options/sub/contextmenus Display messages whena menu clicked Automatically fill “Hi!”in the EditText Plus menu willalso open a sub-menu <option menu> <sub-menu> <context menu> @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  3. Menu Composition Hi Sub1 Plus Hola Sub2 Hello Long press in EditText Home <sub-menu> Pre Next <context menu from EditText> <option menu> @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  4. Create HelloMenu Project • Create the two TextViews and an EditText • Create “menu” folder in res/ • Create menu.xml in res/menu/ (New > Other > Android XML File) • Create context_menu.xml in res/menu/ @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  5. res/menu/menu.xml • Define Option menu and sub-menu <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item android:id="@+id/menuItemPlus" android:title="@string/plus" android:icon="@drawable/plus" > <menu> <item android:id="@+id/menuItemSub1" android:title="@string/sub1"></item> <item android:id="@+id/menuItemSub2" android:title="@string/sub2"></item> </menu> </item> <item android:icon="@drawable/home" android:id="@+id/menuItemHome" android:title="@string/home"></item> <item android:icon="@drawable/pre" android:id="@+id/menuItemPre" android:title="@string/pre"></item> <item android:icon="@drawable/next" android:id="@+id/menuItemNext" android:title="@string/next"></item> </menu> Sub-menu items Option menu items @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  6. res/menu/context.xml • Define context menu for EditText <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item android:id="@+id/menuItemHi" android:title="@string/hi_msg"></item> <item android:id="@+id/menuItemHola" android:title="@string/hola_msg"></item> <item android:id="@+id/menuItemHello" android:title="@string/hello_msg"></item> </menu> @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  7. res/values/strings.xml • Define constant strings used in the application <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string name="hello">Click Menu Button ! </string> <string name="app_name">Android Menu Example</string> <string name="plus">Plus</string> <string name="pre">Pre</string> <string name="next">Next</string> <string name="home">Home</string> <string name="sub1">Sub1</string> <string name="sub2">Sub2</string> <string name="hi_msg">Hi !</string> <string name="hola_msg">Hola !</string> <string name="hello_msg">Hello !</string> </resources> @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  8. icons • Place icons used in menu.xml in res/drawable/ • Download icons at: http://www4.ncsu.edu/~mlsichit/UCAB/resources.html icons @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  9. Inflating a option menu resource • Inflating a menu resource (menu.xml) by adding onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) in the main Activity. • Menu items in menu.xml will appear when the user touches the MENU button public booleanonCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuInflaterinflater = getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu, menu); return true; } @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  10. Response to user action • Response to menu click events by overriding onOptionsItemSelected(Menu menu) in the main Activity. @Override public booleanonOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.menuItemPlus: Toast.makeText(this, "Plus Button Clicked !", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); Log.i(TAG,"menuItemPlus"); return true; : : case R.id.menuItemNext: Toast.makeText(this, "Next Button Clicked !", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); Log.i(TAG,"menuItemNext"); return true; } return false; } @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  11. Register View for a context menu • By calling registerForContextMenu() and passing it a View (an EditText in this example) you assign it a context menu. • When this View (EditText) receives a long-press, it displays a context menu. public class AndroidMenuExampleActivity extends Activity { private EditTextmOutEditText; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); mOutEditText= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText); registerForContextMenu(mOutEditText); } : : @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  12. Define context menu’s appearance • By overriding the activity's context menu create callback method, onCreateContextMenu(). @Override public voidonCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfomenuInfo) { super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo); MenuInflaterinflater = getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.context_menu, menu); } @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

  13. Define context menu’s behavior • By overriding your activity's menu selection callback method for context menu , onContextItemSelected(). @Override public booleanonContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) { Log.i(TAG,"ContextItem selected"); AdapterContextMenuInfo info = (AdapterContextMenuInfo) item.getMenuInfo(); switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.menuItemHi: mOutEditText.setText( this.getResources().getText( R.string.hi_msg) ); return true; case R.id.menuItemHola: : : default: return super.onContextItemSelected(item); } } @2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu

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