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Reconstructing the evolutionary history of species radiations – the impact of hybridisation

Reconstructing the evolutionary history of species radiations – the impact of hybridisation. Rob Smissen with contributions from Ilse Breitwieser, Leon Perrie , Lara Shepherd, Peter Heenan and others . Leonard Cockayne. HH Allan. Pierre Dansereau.

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Reconstructing the evolutionary history of species radiations – the impact of hybridisation

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  1. Reconstructing the evolutionary history of species radiations – the impact of hybridisation Rob Smissen with contributions from Ilse Breitwieser, Leon Perrie, Lara Shepherd, Peter Heenan and others ...

  2. Leonard Cockayne HH Allan

  3. Pierre Dansereau “It is quite possible that no other natural area in the world has as great a number of genera whose definition of species is as badly confused by hybrid swarms” 1964. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 91: 114-140.

  4. “The most that can be said about natural hybridisation in the New Zealand flora is that it is well attested in a few genera and is probable in others.” J.B. Hair 1966 N.Z. J. Bot. 4: 559-595.

  5. Helichrysum lanceolatum Anaphalioides bellidioides

  6. Helichrysumlanceolatumx Anaphalioidesbellidioides F1 BC1 BC1

  7. Principal components analysis of AFLP data for mixed population F1 BC1 P1 P1

  8. Pseudopanax and hybridisation (Perrie and Shepherd) P. crassifolius horoeka lancewood P. crassifolius x P. lessonii P. lessonii houpara coastal five-finger

  9. AFLP – NEWHYBRIDS analysis Backcross to F1 Backcross to F2

  10. Phormium (Harakeke: New Zealand flax) P. tenax F1 hybrid P. cookianum

  11. seed pods of typical Phormiumand those of Okiwi Bay P. tenax Structure estimates of ancestry from AFLP data P. cookianum P. tenax Okiwi Bay

  12. A contemporary biosystematic view • Many hybrids well documented, few dismissed • Geneflow among species seems limited overall • Neo-allopolyploidy is well evidenced • Homoploid hybrid species not yet demonstrated

  13. See also, Pelser et al. American Journal of Botany 97(5): 856–873. 2010.

  14. Aspleniumpolyploid evolution

  15. Pachycladon

  16. Simplified low-copy nuclear gene-tree non-monophyly of duplicated gene copies Arabidopsis Pachycladon Brassica Pachycladon

  17. Raouliaalliance 2n=28+ Anaphalioides Leucogenes Rachelia Ewartia Raoulia Helichrysum

  18. Allopolyploidy followed by aneuploid reduction? Craspedia 2n=22+

  19. Summary – hybridisation in the NZ flroa • Contemporary hybridisation frequent • Contemporary gene-flow among species is limited • Aallopolyploid speciation important in some groups • Paleo-allo-polyploidy in species rich groups • Not certain how important homoploid hybrid speciation and introgression have been in species radiations

  20. Acknowledgements • Ilse Breitwieser & fellow symposium speakers • Mercè Galbany-Casals • NZPRN members • Leon Perrie and Lara Shepherd (for Asplenium and Pseudopanax) • Peter Heenan (Pachycladon)

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