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Epistaxis

Epistaxis. Prof Mulder 2012. IT IS NEVER A ”DISEASE” IT IS ALWAYS A SYMPTOM OF PATHOLOGY !!. Congenital etc……. LOCAL. SYSTEMIC. Rx. CONGENITAL INFECTIVE INFLAMMATION NEOPLASM TRAUMA ALLERGY AUTO - IMMUNE VASCULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLIC MECHANICAL MEDICATION.

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Epistaxis

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  1. Epistaxis • Prof Mulder • 2012

  2. IT IS NEVER A ”DISEASE” IT IS ALWAYS A SYMPTOM OF PATHOLOGY !!

  3. Congenital etc……. LOCAL SYSTEMIC

  4. Rx CONGENITAL INFECTIVE INFLAMMATION NEOPLASM TRAUMA ALLERGY AUTO - IMMUNE VASCULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLIC MECHANICAL MEDICATION TREAT THE CAUSE

  5. WALL CONTENTS Cells: (Rbc. Wbc. Platelets Immunoglobulins Electrolytes Clotting factors Glucose Cholesterol etc..

  6. HYPERTENSION EPISTAXIS DISPRIN, GRANDPA HEADACHE

  7. Rx LITTLE‘S AREA Pressure Ice pack Plug with cottonwool ( + vasoconstrictor) Cauterize

  8. Rx POSTERIOR EPISTAXIS PACKING Gauze tape Merocel + Foleys catheter

  9. Calm the patient Explain what you are going to do IV fluids Blood transfusion Blow the nose (+ suction) Determine which side is bleeding Pack the nose: Anterior pack (BIPP, Merocel, Gauze tape) Posterior pack (Foleys catheter)

  10. DANGERS OF NASAL PACKS No sedation!!!!!!!! Hypoxia Antibiotic cover essential Patient to be admitted Trauma to nasal vestibule

  11. WHY (HOW) DO THESE CONDITIONS CAUSE EPISTAXIS? Arteriosclerosis Hypertension Cardiac failure Diabetes Uraemia Liver cell failure Drugs Leucemia

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