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Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Nietzsche. Harrison Martin 11/5/10 Scholar’s Bowl -7 th. Who was Friedrich Nietzsche?. Born to Prussian Lutherans in 1844 Soon afterward, father succumbed to a brain disease; died in 1849. Left Nietzsche and his younger sister in the care of his mother and paternal aunts

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Friedrich Nietzsche

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  1. Friedrich Nietzsche Harrison Martin 11/5/10 Scholar’s Bowl -7th

  2. Who was Friedrich Nietzsche? • Born to Prussian Lutherans in 1844 • Soon afterward, father succumbed to a brain disease; died in 1849. • Left Nietzsche and his younger sister in the care of his mother and paternal aunts • Entered University of Bonn in 1864- student of theology & philology (interpretation of classical and biblical texts) • Began a mandatory-at-the-time stint in the military at age 23; suffered a chest injury whilst attempting to “leap-mount” into his horse’s saddle. -F

  3. Met Richard Wagner in 1868- Two shared passion for Schopenhauer (later) and music; became besties Became professor of classical philology at University of Basel at 24; unprecedented 1870- Serves as medical attendant during Franco-Prussian War (that go-to war). Contracts diphtheria and dysentery (syphilis?), which further hinder his already compromised health Published first book B.O.T (1872…we’ll get to this) 1873-1876 Untimely Meditations- Collection of four essays; bridge works to… Human, All-Too-Human (1878)- A year after which he would resign post at Basel due to escalating health problems Renounced Prussian (German) citizenship, wandered for the rest of his life, spending time in Italy and France Lou Salomé- <3 - Roma, 1882 I STILL DON’T KNOW WHO FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE WAS…

  4. “Nietzsche’s philosophy…”-or-“The point of the presentation”

  5. Birth of Tragedy (1872) Reworks understanding of Greek culture, it’s importance, and role Subtitled “Hellenism and Pessimism” at one point Theorizes that there are two distinct forces at work in the will and deeds of mankind: Dionysian v. Apollonian MAJOR WORKS Free, open, pre-Socratic creativity Wise, stoic, logical post-Socratic drive

  6. Human, All-Too-Human (1878) Collection of aphorisms, assembled into a central body Thusly, somewhat disjointed subject-matter Begins to develop Nietzsche’s conceptualization of “power” as an explanation for cultural or social phenomena; the will to it would become a central theme in later works Major works

  7. The Gay Science (1882) “God is dead” Nietzsche’s own brand of atheism: just like mom used to make Obviously, not literal- figurative decay and death of Christian morals. BUT- where do you go from there? Nihilism?? Nietzsche worked his way around this with the will to power “Eternal Recurrence” “What if some day or night a demon were to steal after you into your loneliest loneliness and say to you: 'This life as you now live it and have lived it, you will have to live once more and innumerable times more‘ What would you say to this? Becomes device utilized in his next book… MAJOR WORKS

  8. Also Sprach Zarathustra (1883-85) Titular character is a strong-willed, prophetic recluse who is accompanied by an eagle and a snake Theorizes the concept of a being superior to the common man in every way including, ironically, mental health Dubbed the “Ubermensch”, or “Superman” Eternal recurrence is applied to the ubermensch; he is able to embrace this, as he is superior, and lives a good life- contrast to the average human, who is looking forward to relief from this world in the next one Nietzsche logically concludes that the state of being “man” should be a bridge to becoming “Superman”- one who is essentially satisfied with his life, and lives it well In this way, ASZ is similar to Taoist principles… or The Dude Narrative MAJOR WORKS

  9. Beyond Good and Evil (1886) Corresponds to the ideas propounded in Human, and develops them. A definitive work of Nietzsche’s ethics Contends that philosophers are not scholars- rather, engaged people: “imagination, self-assertion, danger, originality and the ‘creation of values’ ” Essentially, shades of gray; Exploitation, domination, etc... are not necessarily bad things “WILL TO POWER”- Know this!!!!!!!!!!!! What does that mean?? It means that people do not continue to do what they do because of a Schopenhauer-ian “will to live”, but rather a drive to exert our influence, rather like the sun. We are both “dangerous” and radiant Nietzsche ranks certain moral behaviors in terms of social status; there are plebeian morals, ascending to upstanding citizen morals- different things are appropriate for each (health) MAJOR WORKS

  10. On the Genealogy of Morals (1887) 3 Essays on morals and ethics, continuing in the vein of B.G.A.E. # 1- Master v. Servant morality (again), Christian morals are invalid as they were formed in a context of turmoil and vengeance # 2- Guilt arises because of negative Christian viewpoints on nature of man. Argues that punishment, in the traditional sense, probably had its roots in economic practice…therefore, should we practice it?? (No, duh.) # 3- Attacks clergy as “weak men” who lead “even weaker people”. Offers his view of perspectivism, or the idea that there is no “God’s p.o.v.” by which we can judge ourselves and others “Good v. Bad” thinking is indicative of superior men- “Good v. Evil” thinking is indicative of inferior men MAJOR WORKS

  11. Ecce Homo (1888) – ok, I lied. Biography; a mental “house-cleaning” The Case of Wagner (1888) Twilight of the Idols (1888) The Antichrist (1888) Nietzsche Contra Wagner (1888)- They had a bit of a falling out, you see… LESS-MAJOR WORKS

  12. As mentioned earlier, renounced citizenship, became a vagabond Wrote most of his significant works while traveling Turin-1889: Nietzsche breaks down Actual events are sketchy The legend goes that he witnessed the beating of a horse; proceeded to throw himself around the horse, appearing to protect it, then collapses Spends the remainder of his life as an unproductive invalid Believed to be syphilitic madness, but this is unconfirmed. Possible brain tumor or inherited disease (father’s death) August 25th, 1900- dies in the care of his sister, Elisabeth THAT’S VERY NICE, BUT WHO WAS FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE?!?!?!

  13. Was revered by 20th century avant-garde artists, who were pleased by both him and his advocacy of the “Dionysian” Embraced by Germans as a native son; “Thus Spoke Zarathustra” is distributed to German soldiers in WWI as inspirational literature Also embraced by German and Italian fascists who, with the aid of Elisabeth Nietzsche, twist his ideas to fit the needs of Nazism during WWII Influenced countless minds of the 20th century like Heidegger and Strauss… for better or worse Regarded, along with Kierkegaard, as one of the earlier Existentialists Influenced by: Wagner, and Schopenhauer primarily NIETZSCHE’S INFLUENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE

  14. QUESTIONS?

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