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MUSEUM IN WYGIEŁZÓW. The ‘ Nadwiślański ’ Ethnographic Park in Wygiełzów is a n open-air regional park which represents the folk culture of the Western Cracow People who lived on both banks of the Vistula River to the west of Cracow.
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The ‘Nadwiślański’ Ethnographic Park in Wygiełzów is an open-air regional park which represents the folk culture of the Western Cracow People who lived on both banks of the Vistula River to the west of Cracow. On the 5 ha of the picturesquely formed terrain there are 25 historical specimens of wooden architectureand numeroushouseholdobjectswhich are grouped in the following sectors: provincial, rural and court.
The Krakow regional costume is considered to be the best-known of Polish folk costumes. As a result of historical events, and the influence of patriotic as well as artistic ideas, the Krakow costume has acquired a symbolic meaning. This is especially true of the man's white overcoat called “sukmana” and a red square cap, decorated with peacock feathers. These two elements and the white and red colours came to symbolize the Poles and Poland and the Krakow regional costume has become a national costume.
Suburban house from Chrzanów
The suburban house dating back to the year of 1804 from Chrzanów; belonged to the Buliński family.
The inn from Minoga. A reconstruction of the old inn dating back to the middle of the 19th century.
Cottage from Przeginia Duchowna
A larch cottage from from the year 1862; belonged to the village administrator MikołajMarchewka– representative of the richest class of peasants. Itisrichlydecoratedinsidewithnumerouspaintings and furniture
Oil millfrom Dąbrowa Szlachecka
The oil mill from the second half of the 19th century, rebuilt in 1902. Oil was pressed from the grains of oily plants: flaxand hemps. Production started withpressing grainwith footsteps. Crushed grain was roasted in akettleon a stove, mixed with water and placed inthe lower log of theoil press [the so-called nest],equipped with a coil and a plug. Oil was obtained by manual, rhythmic hittingthe rams in both sides of the movable, top log. Oil was still produced in this way during WW II. The oil mill has its original furnishings.
19th-century smithy equipped with a furnace and andan open fire. Firstly, charcoal and then, from the 20th century, coal was used as fuel. Glowing embers were fed with bellows, by which air was blown in. Hot iron was hammered on an anvil. The heaviest hammer weighed 10 kilos.
A separate group of tools used for shoeing horses, for example a special knife for hooves. Apart from shoeing horses, nails, hinges, locks and all hardware for doors, chests and trunks were made here. Smiths made iron rings of wheels as well as iron parts of wooden farming equipment. The smith was highly respected among villagers. Thanks to the smithy a lot of new inventions reached a village. He was believed to be a specialist in horse diseases; he also helped people by taking out their aching teeth.
Cottagefrom Podolsze
Cottage from 1862 In the kitchen: furniture, household equipment and kitchenware. A rich set of equipment used for washing, ironing and mangling can be seen. Chamber with a big baking oven and equipment for bread baking: wooden vessels, a device for sweeping ash fromthe oven, device for taking out ash, a shovel and bread tins.
Room in the village administrator’s house with decor characteristic for Easter. On Holy Saturday food was put in basketsand taken to church for blessing. The biggest baskets with food were prepared by the rich housewives - the poor ones,to make their baskets look moreimpressive, put in the bottom chopped logs of wood and then the food theycould afford. In each basket there were eggs, bread, smoked bacon, diary produce, salt, vinegar and pepper. In the folk tradition allthegoodhadsymbolicvalue.
In each basket there were eggs died different colours. Natural pigments were used for it: onion skin, oak bark and green rye. Among many different decorative techniques used by people the batik technique is the oldest one; it consist in writing on an egg using hot wax. The engraving technique is much younger. It consists in engraving / drawing ornaments with a sharp instrument on an egg dyed in one colour.
Cottage of a rich peasant from 1837, built by the Kasperek family. The roof is coated with straw. The interior is characteristic of the early 20th century. Like most houses here, this has a basement too. In the hallway and the kitchen you can see tools for the processing of flax, spinning thread and weaving canvas workshop. People both lived and worked here.
Inside there is a shoemaker’s workbenchwithlasts for making and repairingshoes and a loom.
Exhibition entitled: “In the school of our grandparents from the beginning of the XX century” In the hallway to the left there is a classroom. Next to it is the teacher’s room. He/She lived here together with the family. Old schools were located in peasant cottages. The teacher taught two classes at the same time. When one did quiet exercise, the other practiced reading aloud.
There is a wicker workshop and wicker products. The basic material for weaving baskets was wicker growing on the banks of rivers. Thanks to the easilyavaialblematerial wickerwork became popular home manufacture and an additional source of income. Wicker products were able to satisfy the tastes of the more demanding customers from the city. After World War II craftsmen wove pieces of furniture, chests, baskets, prams, bicycle saddlers, carpet beaters and accessories out of debarked, white wicker.
The museum invites to see people weaving baskets and to buy wicker products during the folk events organized here. A wicker worker’s workshop consists of a slant table, a small stool, and the basic tools such as: a knife, a mallet, a tool to prick and a pair of pruning scissors. A garden or a shed used to be a wicker worker’s place of work. In winter he moved into the kitchen.
Poor cottage from the end of the 19th century Inside there is a room and a small hall with a clay trashing floor. The size and furnishings typical of the poor rural people who used to hire themselves to work at rich farmers. In the room there are very few pieces of furniture, equipment and utensils. On the pole wood herbs are hung and in the chest next tothe bed accessories of a village herbalist can be found: clay suction cups to cup the ill and some dressing materials.
The church from the early 17th cccent.century. The architecture and style were shaped over a fewcenturies. The left side altar is the oldest element. Themain decorative motives are flowers on plant twigs withpaintings of busts of the 12 apostles. There are imagesof 4 bishops on the wall next to the windows. On thechoir there is the organ from the 19th century. The basreliefs made of wood are contemporary and representthe way of the cross of Jesus. Sunday services are stillheld here. For 20 years the annual concert of theFestival Chamber Organ Music has been organized here. Next to the building there is an alarm bell tower (fromNowaGóra) from the 20th century.
Magnificent, wooden manor, from outside plastered with clay and whitened. Mansard Polish roof, covered with shingle. The columnar porch adorned with coat of arms. Two-bay interior with amfilade (transitive) arrangement of rooms and centrally situated arterial hall. This typical Polish manor was built in 1730 in Droginia byAdam Jordan, Contemporary ownerof the propertyfrom Droginia. After his death theestate often changed hands.
Erected in the 13th century, situated at the top of LipowiecHill, after which it was named. At first it was made of wood and was later rebuilt in stone. At first it served for defensive and protective purposes of a merchant rout. Until the end of the 16th century it was a prison for people sentenced to death by starvation. Convicts were pulled down into the deep dungeon and left there to die.
The castle acquired its present shape in the 15th century. Its small courtyard was surrounded by dwelling houses and an outer castle below was encircled by the wall. Another three floors were added around the tower. It has remained like this up till now.
Severalghoststoriesare, of course, related to thecastle. One of them was the ghostof Bishop Oleśnicki which, however, appeared only until the fire in the early nineteenth century. But even nowadays, if you’ve got the nerve and stay at the castle till midnight, you can see a black shadow. It’s a cart drawn by six pairs of horses. A bishop in purple gets off and enters the courtyard. Behind him, guards drag a condemned man, the executioner raises his sword and then struck by lightning, falls to the ground and the ghosts disappear. Eyewitnesses claim that, even on a warm night the air gets icy.
