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Middle School Coaches September 10, 2019

Learn about common injuries such as concussions, cervical spine injuries, ankle sprains, and knee injuries, as well as how to provide proper wound care. Ensure the safety and well-being of your students with this essential knowledge.

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Middle School Coaches September 10, 2019

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  1. Middle School CoachesSeptember 10, 2019 COMMON INJURIES/WOUND CARE/KIT CONTENT

  2. COMMON INJURIES

  3. What is a Concussion? • Head injury that occurs when a blow or jolt to the head disrupts the normal functioning of the brain • -- Sufficient force that impacts metabolic functioning -- • Causes physical, cognitive, sleep, and emotional symptoms that last for varying amounts of time • Sometimes delayed onset, but may not appear or be noticed for hours and possibly days after injury • The number and severity of symptoms, the speed of recovery, and the impact of symptoms on academic functioning or other activities will be different for each student.

  4. Concussion SymptomsMay or may not experience in any combination of the 4 clusters • Physical • Headache/Neck pain • Fatigue • Dizziness/Vertigo • Ocular Dysfunction • Balance problems • Sensitivity to light and/or noise • Nausea/Vomiting • Cognitive • Difficulty remembering • Difficulty concentrating • Feeling slowed down • Feeling mentally foggy • Emotional • Irritability • Sadness • Feeling more emotional • Nervousness /Anxiety • Lack of motivation • Sleep/ Energy • Drowsiness • Sleeping less than usual • Sleeping more than usual • Trouble falling asleep

  5. Red FlagsCall your doctor or go to your Emergency Department with sudden onset of any of the following: • Headaches that worsen • Look very drowsy, can’t be awakened • Repeated vomiting • Unusual behavior change • Seizures • Can’t recognize people or places • Increased confusion • Significant irritability • Neck pain • Weakness or numbness in arms or legs • Slurred speech • Loss of consciousness • These typically occur during the first 48 hours after an injury and could represent a more serious injury.

  6. Concussion Institute Next steps? • Do not attempt to do a screening for a concussion. • If you suspect a concussion, remove the athlete from play and refer to a specialist. • Athletes should NOT return to play until cleared by a medical professional.

  7. Cervical Spine Injuries • Never attempt to move an athlete who you think may have suffered a cervical spine/neck injury. • Call 911 and keep them calm and still • If there is a certified athletic trainer or EMS personnel on site, listen to their direction and help them as necessary

  8. Ankle Sprains • Ankle sprains are injuries to ankle ligaments. • Common mechanisms: • Rolling an ankle • Stepping on someone else's foot

  9. Knee Injuries • Meniscus Injury • Ligament Sprains/Tears • ACL • MCL • LCL • PCL • Pre-patellar Bursitis • Common Mechanisms: • Pivot • Rotation • Falling directly ontop of knee

  10. Knee and Ankle Injuries Signs/Symptoms Treatment Remove from play Ice Compression Elevation Referral • Swelling • Bruising • Inability to walk • Walking with limp • Obvious deformity

  11. WOUND CARE/KIT CONTENT

  12. Common Types of Wounds • Abrasion (scrape) • Laceration (deep cut)

  13. Abrasion • Causes: • Sliding on grass/tar • “floor burn” Treatment: • Wash with antiseptic towelettes • Apply triple antibiotic • Cover with band aid or gauze/pre-wrap/tape Instruct athletes to go home and rewash wound with warm soapy water once practice/game is done to further prevent infection

  14. Supplies Needed

  15. Laceration • Treatment: • Stop bleeding • Wash out debris • Cover with butterfly closure strips • Use caution, may need to refer to doctor for stitches

  16. Common Laceration Sites • Eyebrow • Cheek • Nose • Chin • Scalp • Elbow

  17. Supplies Needed

  18. Butterfly Closure Strip Examples Wrist

  19. Wound Irrigation • Wound irrigation is the steady flow of a solution (water or saline) across an open wound surface to achieve wound hydration and to remove debris

  20. Wound Irrigation • Wound irrigation is helpful to clean dirt, turf rubber and grass from wounds. • Although you may not get everything, cleaning the wound as much as possible reduces rate of infection

  21. Wound Irrigation Step by Step • Stop bleeding • Wash wound • Pat dry • Cover with gauze/pre-wrap/tape • Refer to doctor if wound exhibits signs of infection

  22. Bloody Nose • A bloody nose doesn’t always mean its broken • To stop a bloody nose do not tilt head back • Lean forward and pinch bridge of nose • Apply nose plug

  23. Bloody Nose • Do not allow patient to blow nose until the bleed has clotted • Assess the situation – bloody noses may be as a result to a hit • Remove from play and refer to physician if a hit to the head has occurred with risk of concussion • Refer to doctor if the nose has an obvious deformity

  24. ALWAYS USE GLOVES • Gloves are personal protective equipment • Always wear gloves when dealing with blood & bodily fluids

  25. Any Questions?

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