Present system, Passive voice

1. Present system, Passive voice In the active voice, the subject performs the action of the verb. In the passive voice, the subject receives the action (i.e. acts as the object) of the verb.

2. laudō laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā Active personal endings Present Active1st conjugation: laudō -āre -āvī -ātum • laudō • laudā-s • lauda-t • laudā-mus • laudā-tis • lauda-nt -ō / -m -s -t -mus -tis -nt

3. laudō laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā Passive personal endings Present Passive1st conjugation: laudō -āre -āvī -ātum • laudo-r • laudā-ris • laudā-tur • laudā-mur • laudā-minī • lauda-ntur -r -ris -tur -mur -minī -ntur

4. videō vidē vidē vidē vidē vidē Active personal endings Present Active2nd conjugation: videō -ēre vīdī vīsum • videō • vidē-s • vide-t • vidē-mus • vidē-tis • vide-nt -ō / -m -s -t -mus -tis -nt

5. videō vidē vidē vidē vidē vidē Passive personal endings Present Passive2nd conjugation: videō -ēre vīdī vīsum • video-r • vidē-ris • vidē-tur • vidē-mur • vidē-minī • vide-ntur -r -ris -tur -mur -minī -ntur

6. laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā Active personal endings Imperfect Active-bā-1st conjugation: laudō -āre -āvī -ātum • m • s • t • mus • tis • nt • -ba- • -bā- • -ba- • -bā- • -bā- • -ba- -ō / -m -s -t -mus -tis -nt

7. laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā Passive personal endings Imperfect Passive-bā-1st conjugation: laudō -āre -āvī -ātum • r • ris • tur • mur • minī • ntur • -ba- • -bā- • -bā- • -bā- • -bā- • -ba- -r -ris -tur -mur -minī -ntur

8. laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā Active personal endings Future Active-bi- / -ē-1st conjugation: laudō -āre -āvī -ātum • ō • s • t • mus • tis • nt • -b- • -bi- • -bi- • -bi- • -bi- • -bu- -ō / -m -s -t -mus -tis -nt

9. laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā Passive personal endings Future Passive -bi- / -ē- 1st conjugation: laudō -āre -āvī -ātum • or • ris • tur • mur • minī • ntur • -b- • -be- • -bi- • -bi- • -bi- • -bu- -r -ris -tur -mur -minī -ntur

10. laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā laudā Passive personal endings Future Passive -bi- / -ē- 1st conjugation: laudō -āre -āvī -ātum • or • ris • tur • mur • minī • ntur • -b- • -be- • -bi- • -bi- • -bi- • -bu- -r -ris -tur -mur -minī -ntur

11. Present passives 1st amor amāris amātur amāmur amāminī amantur 2nd videor vidēris vidētur vidēmur vidēminī videntur

12. Present passives 3rd regor regeris regitur regimur regiminī reguntur 3rd -io capior caperis capitur capimur capiminī capiuntur 4th audior audīris audītur audīmur audīminī audiuntur

13. Imperfectpassives 1st amābar amābāris amābātur amābāmur amābāminī amābantur 2nd vidēbar vidēbāris vidēbātur vidēbāmur vidēbāminī vidēbantur

14. Imperfect passives 3rd regēbar regēbāris regēbātur regēbāmur regēbāminī regēbantur 3rd -io capiēbar capiēbāris capiēbātur capiēbāmur capiēbāminī capiēbantur 4th audiēbar audiēbāris audiēbātur audiēbāmur audiēbāminī audiēbantur

15. Futurepassives 1st amābar amāberis amābitur amābimur amābiminī amābuntur 2nd vidēbor vidēberis vidēbitur vidēbimur vidēbiminī vidēbuntur

16. Future passives 3rd regar regēris regētur regēmur regēminī regentur 3rd -io capiar capiēris capiētur capiēmur capiēminī capientur 4th audiar audiēris audiētur audiēmur audiēminī audientur

17. Presentpassive infinitives 1st: 2nd: 3rd: 3rd -io: 4th: amārī vidērī regī capī audīrī

18. Compare active/passive: Caesarem monet Caesar monētur urbem dēlēbat urbs dēlēbātur patriam cōnservābit patria cōnservābitur

19. Examples • etiam fortēs virī subitīs perīculīs saepe terrentur. • mentēs nostrae memoriā potentī illōrum duōrum factōrum cito movēbuntur. • bella difficilia sine cōnsiliō et clēmentiā numquam gerēbantur. • omnia genera servitūtis nōbīs videntur aspera.