Small Group Collaborative Learning

1. Small Group Collaborative Learning Workshop on Critical Thinking Ian J. Quitadamo

2. Small Group Learning and CT • Student-centered instructional approach • Characteristics: • Collaboratively solve problems and think critically • Multiple perspectives on a problem • Multiple ways of learning • Diverse perspectives and approaches • Understanding vs. memorization – the ability to explain, defend, and alter ideas and concepts • Peer discourse supports development of critical thinking • Share, cross-examine, evaluate, and synthesize ideas • Constructing knowledge vs. memorization –students build their own knowledge rather than mimic • Discourse results in new ideas and knowledge

3. Small Group Cooperative Learning • Student-student interaction a contributing factor in learning success • Models: Competitive, individual, cooperative • Meta-analysis of 122 studies from 1924-1981 • Cooperative learning students have higher achievement and motivation, positive attitudes (Johnson & Johnson, 1985)

4. Small Group Learning • Small group collaborative learning in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology (SMET) courses (Springer et al 1999) • Meta-analysis of 39 studies with data on achievement, retention, and attitudes • Content areas included biology, chemistry, general science, basic mathematics, statistics, and calculus • Results: SGCL produced significantly higher achievement, retention, and attitudes than controls • Achievement measured using exams, GPA, or standardized exams • Does not necessarily relate to CT

5. Peer Led Team Learning • National Science Foundation PLTL model: • Groups of 6-8 students • Facilitated by peer leader (knows content but is not a tutor or instructor) • Course instructor creates authentic problems that require collaborative problem solving • Students work toward consensus • Weekly two-hour sessions