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Introduction to Genetics

Explore the study of genetics and how traits are passed on from one generation to another. Learn about dominant and recessive traits, genotype and phenotype, and their role in determining physical characteristics.

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Introduction to Genetics

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  1. Introduction to Genetics ANSWER KEY

  2. Genetics #1 Study of how traits are passed on from one generation to another. #2 Traits from 1st paragraph: Hair color, eye color, Flower color, Hair type; long, short, curly, straight

  3. One Trait = Two Genes 4) Blue Eyes 1 TRAIT 2 GENES (one from each parent) 5) Short plant with Red flowers 2 TRAITS 4 GENES 6) Blond, Curly, Blue Eyes 3 TRAITS 6 GENES

  4. #7) Symbols represent traits:

  5. Genotype vs. Phenotype Round seed shape: Genotype = RR or Rr Phenotype = round Genotype of purple flower? PP or Pp Phenotype of short plant? Short Genotype of short plant? tt

  6. 10) Dominant vs. Recessive Dominant flower color? Purple Dominant flower position? Axial Recessive flower position? terminal

  7. 11) Dominant vs. recessive DOMINANT traits are symbolized with CAPITAL letters. (T, R, B) Recessive traits are symbolized with lower case letters (t, r, b). The letter selected for the symbol comes from the DOMINANT trait.

  8. #12--Tall plant x Short plant Male TT Female tt X Offspring = Tt Tall

  9. #13- Green pods (GG) x yellow pods (gg) GG gg X Offspring = Gg Green Pods

  10. #14) Purple Flower x White flower PP pp X Offspring = Pp Purple Flowers

  11. #15) Homozygous vs. Heterozygous BB Homozygous Rr Heterozygous rr Homozygous Aa Heterozygous YY Homozygous

  12. #17- Essential Vocab Genotype – the symbolized form; gene formula (ex: BB) Phenoypte – physical appearance/description (ex: brown) Homozygous – 2 genes that are the same (ex: BB or bb) ; Pure Bred Heterozygous – 2 genes that are different (ex: Bb) ; Hybrid Dominant – the stronger gene; appears in the phenotype if present Recessive – the weaker gene; appears in the phenotype only when homozygous

  13. #18- Vocab Check Notice blue eyes: Phenotype Symbol for a trait: Genotype Genotype for short pea plant: Homozygous

  14. #19- Application: Hair example Genotype of Curly parent: CC Genotype of straight haired parent: cc Offspring: Genotype: Cc Phenotype: curly haired Curly and straight always produce curly. Which trait is dominant? Curly

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