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NeTWORKING

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NeTWORKING

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  1. 11000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 11000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 guide NeTWORKING Community Internet Cafe 2004 World In Need Philippines  Asian Internet Bible Institute  Philippine Mission Association

  2. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café What is a Network? • consists of two or more computers that are • linked in order to share resources • (such as printers and CD-ROMs), • exchange files, or allow electronic • communications. • linked through cables, telephone lines, • radio waves, satellites, or infrared light • beams Networking Guide

  3. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Basic types of networks: • Local Area Network (LAN) • - lab, school, building • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) • - cities, school districts • Wide Area Network (WAN) • - regions, states or the world, • require transoceanic cabling or • satellite uplinks Networking Guide

  4. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Advantages • Speed • Cost • Security • Centralized Software Management • Resource Sharing • Electronic Mail • Flexible Access • Workgroup Computing Networking Guide

  5. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Disadvantages • Expensive to Install • Requires Administrative Time • File Server may Fail • Cables May Break Networking Guide

  6. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café What is a Protocol? • set of rules that governs the • communications between computers • on a network. • guidelines that regulate the characteristics • of a network: access method, allowed • physical topologies, types of cabling, • and speed of data transfer. Networking Guide

  7. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Most common protocols • Ethernet • LocalTalk • Token Ring • Fiber Distributed Data Interface(FDDI) • Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Networking Guide

  8. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café What is a Networking Hardware? • Includes all computers, peripherals, • interface cards, • Other equipment needed to • perform data-processing and • communications within the • network. Networking Guide

  9. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Network Hardwares • File Servers • Workstations • Network Interface Cards • Connectors/Hubs • Repeaters • Bridges • Routers Networking Guide

  10. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café What is a Network Cabling? Cable - is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another. Networking Guide

  11. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café What is a Network Cabling? • 1. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable • - Unshielded Twisted Pair • Connector (RJ-45) • 2. Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable • 3. Coaxial Cable • - Coaxial Cable Connectors (BNC) • Fiber Optic Cable • - Fiber Optic Connector (ST) • 5. Wireless LANs Networking Guide

  12. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Installing Cable – Some Guidelines • Always use more cable than you need. • Leave plenty of slack. • Test every part of a network as you • install it. Even if it is brand new, • it may have problems that will be • difficult to isolate later. • Stay at least 3 feet away from • fluorescent light boxes and other • sources of electrical interference. Networking Guide

  13. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Installing Cable – Some Guidelines • If it is necessary to run cable across • the floor, cover the cable with • cable protectors. • Label both ends of each cable. • Use cables ties (not tape) to keep • cables in the same location together. Networking Guide

  14. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café How to Wire a Network Networking Guide

  15. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café

  16. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Cabling: Straight-Through Networking Guide

  17. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Cabling: Crossed-Over Networking Guide

  18. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café What is a Topology? • Refers to the configuration of • cables, computers, and other • peripherals. • Method used to pass information • between workstations. Networking Guide

  19. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Main types of Physical Topologies • LINEAR BUS • - consist of a main run of cable with a • terminator at each end. • - all nodes (file server, workstations, • and peripherals) are connected • to the linear cable. Networking Guide

  20. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Advantages of a Linear Bus Topology • Easy to connect a computer or • peripheral to a linear bus. • Requires less cable length than a star • topology. Networking Guide

  21. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Disadvantages of a Linear Bus Topology • Entire network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable. • Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable. • Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down. • Not meant to be used as a stand-alone • Solution in a large building Networking Guide

  22. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Main types of Physical Topologies • STAR • - designed with each node (file server, • workstations, and peripherals) • connected directly to a central • network hub or concentrator. • - data on a star network passes • through the hub or concentrator • before continuing to its destination. Networking Guide

  23. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Advantages of a Star Topology • Easy to install and wire • No disruptions to the network then • connecting or removing devices • Easy to detect faults and to • remove parts. Networking Guide

  24. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Disadvantages of a Star Topology • Requires more cable length than a • linear topology • If the hub or concentrator fails, • nodes attached are disabled. • More expensive than linear bus • topologies because of the cost of the • concentrators. Networking Guide

  25. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Main types of Physical Topologies 3. STAR-WIRED RING - externally, may appear to be the same as a STAR topology. - internally, the multistation access unit (MAU) contains wiring that allows information to pass from one device to another in a circle or ring. Networking Guide

  26. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Main types of Physical Topologies 4. TREE - combines characteristics of linear bus and star topologies. - it consists of groups of star-configured workstations connected to a linear bus backbone cable. - allows expansion of an existing network. Networking Guide

  27. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Advantages of a Tree Topology • Point-to-point wiring for individual • segments. • Supported by several hardware • and software vendors. Networking Guide

  28. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Disadvantages of a Tree Topology • Overall length of each segment is • limited by the type of cabling used. • If the backbone line breaks, the entire • segment goes down. • More difficult to configure and wire • than other topologies. Networking Guide

  29. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Considerations When Choosing A Topology • Money. • Length of cable needed. • Future growth. • Cable type. Networking Guide

  30. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café What is a Network Operating System? There are two major types: 1. Peer-to-Peer - allow users to share resources and files located on their computers and to access shared resources found on other computers. Networking Guide

  31. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Advantages of Peer-to-Peer • Less initial expense – No need for a • dedicated server. • Setup – an operating system • already in place may only need • to be reconfigured for peer-to- • peer operations. Networking Guide

  32. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer • Decentralized – No central repository for • files and applications. • Security – Does not provide the security • available on a client/server network. Networking Guide

  33. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café What is a Network Operating System? • Client/Server • - allows network to centralized functions • and applications in one or more • dedicated file servers. • - file servers become the heart of the • system, providing access to resources • and providing security. • - allow multiple users to simultaneously • share the same resources irrespective of • physical location. Networking Guide

  34. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Advantages of Client/Server Network • Centralized • Scalability • Flexibility • Interoperability • Accessibility Networking Guide

  35. 1100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000100010000100001001001001000111001111001111000111000111001110011110001111100110011110000111100110010010101000011111101010100111100010001111111100011100011110001111100110010100000111100001001001010100010101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000011000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 networking guide community internet café Disadvantages of Client/Server Network • Expensive – investment in dedicated • server • Maintenance – require a dedicated • staff to ensure efficient operation • Dependence – when server goes • down, operation will cease across • the network Networking Guide

  36. 11000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 11000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100001000100001000010010010010001110011110011110001110001110011100111100011111001100111100001111001100100101010000111111010101001111000100011111111000111000111100011111001100101000001111000010010010101000101010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000010101010000111111111000001010101000011111111100000101010100001111111110000 guide NeTWORKING Community Internet Cafe 2004 World In Need Philippines  Asian Internet Bible Institute  Philippine Mission Association

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