High codling moth pressure and small plots (cv. Bartlett)

1. Treatment Treatment Rate (form/ac) Rate (form/ac) % CM injury % Stings % Entries Avg. # CM trapped Standard— Intrepid+Assail Check ----- 16 oz/3 oz 20.75 0.03 51.5 DA=9.0 CM=8.25 Carpo-virusine Carpo-virusine 400 ml 400 ml 0 65.75 DA=4 CM=4 9.25 Cyd-X Nu-Film 17 Cyd-X Nu-Film 17 3 fl oz 16 fl oz 3 fl oz 16 fl oz 69.25 0 DA=2 CM=0 6.5 Comparing and Combining Mating Disruption and Cydia pomonella Granulosis Virus (CpGV) for Control of Codling Moth in Pear Richard Hilton, Jesse Benbow, Sally Basile and Phil VanBuskirk Southern Oregon Research & Extension Center Oregon State University The Oregon State Fruit (since 2005) 2003 Field Trials Studies initiated in 2003 with formulations of Cydia pomonella Granulosis Virus (CpGV) showed that frequent applications of CpGV gave 80-90% control of codling moth (CM) in a high pressure location. On-farm trials indicated that CpGV worked well in combination with mating disruption (MD) under low pressure. In 2004 and 2005 replicated trials with CpGV were conducted in high pressure blocks with and without MD at the Research Center to try and determine the effect of each tactic by itself and in combination. The addition of CpGV always resulted in a significant reduction of successful CM entries but stings, or unsuccessful entries, were increased as the CpGV must be ingested by the CM larvae to be effective. The 2004 trial showed that CpGV could be as effective as an OP (Imidan) or neonicotinoid (Calypso) when applied twice as often. When results from blocks with and without MD were combined it was evident that most of the CM control in the combination program came from the CpGV applications. Under high CM pressure, CpGV gave better codling moth control than MD. Organic Pear Orchard in Transition—2002-2005 CM Injury Under Various Control Programs High codling moth pressure and small plots (cv. Bartlett) Low codling moth pressure w/ MD in an on-farm trial (cv. Comice/Bosc) Note: virus products were applied on a 10 day interval starting prior to codling moth egg hatch for a total of nine applications Note: sprays were applied at the beginning of the 1st and 2nd codling moth generations for a total of two applications 2004 Field Trials 2005 Field Trials • CpGV without Mating Disruption Combined Results— CpGV with and w/o MD cv. Packham’s Total Crop Failure cv. Bartlett % Codling Moth Damage Level of CM control with CpGV and MD and in combination check plotsCyd X @ 14 days w/o MD with MD w/o MD with MD Stings 27.75 40.0 41.75 56.00 Larvae 33.0 13.25 7.25 4.75 Exits 11.75 9.5 0.25 0.0 • CpGV with Mating Disruption cv. Bartlett cv. Anjou % Codling Moth Damage In a pear orchard transitioning to organic production, various control programs were employed over the last four years. In 2002, MD was used in most of the orchard, one block was not treated with MD and CM damage was almost double in that area. CpGV was first used in 2004 and total CM damage was reduced by 75% over 2003 when the control program was minimal and as a result the crop was unmarketable. In 2005 CpGV was again used throughout the orchard with half the orchard being treated with MD. While stings and total damage were reduced in the MD treated area, successful entries (i.e. exits + larvae) were not reduced. With respect to reducing the CM population level, CpGV appeared to be superior to MD in this case. check plotsCyd X @ 14 days w/o MD with MD w/o MD with MD Stings 15.5 12.0 41.5 35.5 Larvae 37.25 30.5 11.5 4.25 Exits 6.25 6.0 1.25 0.25 cv. Anjou Cultivar = Bartlett/ Packham’s Bartlett Anjou • Conclusions—under conditions of high codling moth pressure: • CpGV applied regularly (10-14 day interval) gave 70% to 85% control of CM relative to an untreated check in replicated trials. • MD alone (200 Isomate TT dispensers/ac.) gave 15% to 50%control of CM when compared to untreated blocks. • Combining CpGV applications with MD gave 86% to 90%control of CM over the two years of trials, therefore the bulk of the control in the combination was provided by the CpGV applications. Combined Results—CpGV with and w/o MD cv. Bartlett/ Packham’s % Codling Moth Damage check plotsCyd X @ 10-11 days w/o MD with MD w/o MD with MD Stings 21.25 40.67 68.00 67.75 Larvae 32.50 31.00 6.75 7.50 Exits 31.00 12.67 3.00 1.00 Thank you to the Oregon Bartlett Pear Commission and the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission for supporting this research