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|M2| Chan Yew Cheong, Eamonn Graduate School of Economics

| 修士論文 | A Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis of Williamson’s Transaction Costs of Supply Chain Management サプライチェーン ・ マネジメントにおけるウィリアムソンの取引費用論の総括とメタ分析 2010.1. |M2| Chan Yew Cheong, Eamonn Graduate School of Economics. はじめに Introduction 先行研究 Literatures 方法 Method 研究結果 Results 議論

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|M2| Chan Yew Cheong, Eamonn Graduate School of Economics

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  1. |修士論文|A Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis of Williamson’s Transaction Costs of Supply Chain Managementサプライチェーン・マネジメントにおけるウィリアムソンの取引費用論の総括とメタ分析2010.1 |M2|Chan Yew Cheong, Eamonn Graduate School of Economics

  2. はじめに • Introduction • 先行研究 • Literatures • 方法 • Method • 研究結果 • Results • 議論 • Discussion • おわりに • Conclusion Introduction • Research objectives • Aims to employ the method of research synthesis and meta-analysis to evaluate the present status of TCE based SCM empirical researches. • The central tenet of TCE will be tested within the background of supply chains. • It is the goal of this study to generate insightful findings to guide future researches of TCE of SCM. • Statement of purpose • Provides empirical assessment of TCE in relation to the mode of governance of supply chain organizations. It is predicted that supply chain modes of governance are primarily related to the transaction attributes. • Analyses are carried out in accordance to the departmental categorization of procurement, distribution and supply chain supports. • Delimitations • Focuses on industrial organizations. • Employs institutional comparative analysis. • Concentrates on Williamson’s TCE. • Internal organizations are out of scope. Williamson (2008) TCE could be extended to the SCM researches where both of them share a lot of common ground. Burgess, Singh, & Koroglu (2006) However, the discipline of SCM shows no consistent definition, theory and research method thus instigate challenges for the integration of these research programs. • Significance of the study • Expected to contribute to the scholarly literature and help to improve operationalization of TCE of SCM. • Contributes to the refinement of measurement of transactions of organizations. • directly contributes toward the formation of a meta-theory of SCM. • Important in assessing the validity of the constructs of TCE in supply chains. • provides significant inference and generalization for the greater business community. • Expected to contribute to the supply chain managers in decision making concerning modes of governance. • The aggregated impacts of better governance decisions directly affect the definition of the boundary of the firms.

  3. はじめに • Introduction • 先行研究 • Literatures • 方法 • Method • 研究結果 • Results • 議論 • Discussion • おわりに • Conclusion Literatures Transaction cost economics TCE SCM • Background • Coase (1937, 1993a, 1993b); Williamson (1985); Klaes (2000) • The rudiment • [Assumptions] Dietrich (1994); Arrow (1969); Simon (1978); Akerlof (1970); [Nature] North (1997); Demsetz (1993); Rao(2003); Williamson (1985) • Theoretical developments • [Application] Williamson & Masten (1999); Klein et al. (1978); [Criticism] Ghoshal & Moran (1996) • Empirical developments • Macher & Richman (2008); Shelanski & Klein (1995); Rindfleisch & Heide (1997); Carter & Hodgson (2006) • Measuring TCs • Hobbs (1996); Wang (2003), Wallis & North (1986); Polski (2000); Williamson (2007) Supply chain management Background Mentzer et al. (2001); SCOR SC in practice Tan (2001); CSCMP SC in literatures Burgess et al. (2006); Mentzer et al. (2001); Croom et al. (2000); Tan (2001) TCE&SCM TCE in SCM researches Williamson (2008); Croom et al. (2000); Hobbs (1996); Grover & Malhotra (2003); Banerjee & Shantanu (2004); Wever et al. (2009); Loader (1997); Banterle et al. (2006); Bharadwaj & Matsuno (2006); Zhao et al. (2007) • Moderators • SC dimensions • Second order transaction attributes • Second order SC governance • Technology • Manufacturing industry H1: Asset specificity is positively related to supply chain governance H2: Uncertainty is positively related to supply chain governance. H3: Frequency is positively related to supply chain governance.

  4. はじめに • Introduction • 先行研究 • Literatures • 方法 • Method • 研究結果 • Results • 議論 • Discussion • おわりに • Conclusion Method Research synthesis, meta-analysis and TCE [Meta-analysis] Smith & Glass (1977); Lipsey & Wilson (2001); [TCE review: non meta analyses] Shelanski & Klein (1995); Rindfleisch & Heide (1997); Macher & Richman (2008); David & Han (2004) [TCE meta-analyses] Zhao et al. (2004); Geyskens at al. (2006); Crook (2006); Crook et al. (2009) Meta-analysis reporting standards (Clarke, 2009) • Define inclusion and exclusion criteria • Identify moderators and perform mediator analyses • Construe search strategies • Establish coding procedures • Devise statistical methods • Fixed-effect & random effect models • Effect sizes • Publication bias

  5. はじめに • Introduction • 先行研究 • Literatures • 方法 • Method • 研究結果 • Results • 議論 • Discussion • おわりに • Conclusion Results Hypothesis 1: SC governance and asset specificity Search results Hypothesis 2: SC governance and uncertainty Hypothesis 3: SC governance and transaction frequency

  6. はじめに • Introduction • 先行研究 • Literatures • 方法 • Method • 研究結果 • Results • 議論 • Discussion • おわりに • Conclusion Discussion Research implications Transaction costs and supply chain governance of procurement, distribution and supply chain supports Distribution SC Supports Procurement • AS (Physical) is most important positive factor in the governance of distribution. • Focus on customer relationship management to ensure the most optimal usage of assets to yield highest customer satisfaction. • UC has positive influence in terms of price and quantity volatility, country risk and complexity and difficulty in assessing agent’s performance. • AS (Human) is positively related to SC supports governance. • Consistent with the nature of supports of SC which places more importance in experience and skill level (intangible). • Important consideration in outsourcing decision. • AS is most influential in the governance of procurement. • Focus on investments and sourcing strategies. • FQ has implications to vendor selection, contracting and supplier relationship management. • UC is rather neutral. Require more research attention.

  7. はじめに • Introduction • 先行研究 • Literatures • 方法 • Method • 研究結果 • Results • 議論 • Discussion • おわりに • Conclusion Discussion Managerial implications Supply chain vertical integration, outsourcing and inter-firm coordination Inter-firm coordination Vertical integration and outsourcing • AS is positively related to both hierarchical governance and market exchange. • Appears that SCs are indifference in deciding vertical integration and outsourcing. • [Procurement] AS is positively related to SC’s make-or-buy decisions. SC procurement managers prefer outsourcing when UC is high. • [Distribution] AS is more important in market exchange. • [SC Supports] AS is negatively related to choice of governance. UC is negatively related to hierarchy governance. • AS is positively related to governance of SC at the overall SC level. • investment or possession of transaction specific assets is highly related to the inter-firms coordination vis-à-vis contracting arrangements. • More frequent the transactions call for increasing use of hybrid contracting than market exchange. • [Procurement] AS and FQ are the positive factors to be considered in the coordination of inter-firm transactions. • [Distribution/SC Supports] AS and UC are positively related to the use of hybrid governance structures.

  8. はじめに • Introduction • 先行研究 • Literatures • 方法 • Method • 研究結果 • Results • 議論 • Discussion • おわりに • Conclusion Discussion Managerial implications Supply chain, technology and manufacturing industry Manufacturing industry Technology • AS(t) is positively related to SC governance. • SCs that could leverage technology gain competitive advantage, hence enhancing SC capabilities, adaptability and efficiency. • Similar finding is apparent in the procurement dimension. • AS is positively related to SC or within its procurement and distribution dimensions. • Capital intensity as a nature of manufacturing firms. • Any decision of SC governance in a manufacturing firm must be made via the assessment of transaction specific assets. • FQ is also positively related to SC of manufacturing firms as production process is very much quantity driven.

  9. はじめに • Introduction • 先行研究 • Literatures • 方法 • Method • 研究結果 • Results • 議論 • Discussion • おわりに • Conclusion Conclusion This research synthesis and meta-analysis of TCE of SCM is the first study of its kind cross examining the relationships of TCs in the setting of SC organizations. Limitations • Assumptions of meta-analysis are often criticized for unable to generalize. • Threats to research synthesis exist (Matt & Cook, 2009). • Issue of varying quality of eligible studies. • Unresolved challenge of TC measurement. • The limitations of research synthesis and meta-analysis can also be used prospectively for researchers to plan better and more quality research synthesis (Matt & Cook, 2009). • Key findings: • Confirms the proposition that TCs are related to the governance of SC. The hypotheses of three TC attributes: AS, UC and FQ are tested to be supported in SC organizations. • TCs have different level and magnitude of relationships in the procurement, distribution and supports dimensions of SCs. • Technological AS are related to the study of SCM. • TCs are found to be relevant in the manufacturing industry where SCs are traditionally defined. Future research directions • Researchers agree that researches of TCE are still facing several theoretical and empirical questions. • Future researches to increase focus on functionally separated governance of organizations. • Future researches on respective dimension of a supply chain organization are recommended. • The further study of the human actor within the organizations an imperative move. • Future researches are recommended to target supply chain inter-firm relationships by employing case studies or empirical studies based on primary data. • The future researches are necessary to contribute to meta-theory of supply chain management.

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