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European Colonialism

European Colonialism. Age of Navigation and Discovery Portugal, Spain Latecomers: Dutch, French, English. Colonial models. Models: Confiscatory (Spanish): imperial hierarchy Trade-centered (French, Dutch) Settlement-agrarian/mixed economy (English, Swedish). English Settlements.

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European Colonialism

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  1. European Colonialism • Age of Navigation and Discovery • Portugal, Spain • Latecomers: • Dutch, French, English

  2. Colonial models • Models: • Confiscatory (Spanish): imperial hierarchy • Trade-centered (French, Dutch) • Settlement-agrarian/mixed economy (English, Swedish)

  3. English Settlements • Roanoke, Jamestown, Popham, Plymouth • Private Joint Stock Companies and Charters • Virginia, Plymouth • Mass Bay, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Maryland • Barbados • India • The Charters • Rights of Englishmen • English Constitution • Magna Carta

  4. Transfer of Political Culture • Transfer to colonies: • By virtue of distance and necessity, local autonomy for operational decisions. • Assemblies • 1619 House of Burgesses (Virginia) • General Court (Massachusetts) • Every colony had an elected legislature by 1750, all but Penn had bicameral houses. • Colonial culture was British culture

  5. Population BNA 1650: 50,000

  6. Imperial Politics • Rough and Tumble: Parliament versus the crown • Civil War (1640s-1650s) • The Protectorate • Conquest Jamaica • Regicide and Restoration • Glorious Revolution, Abdication, Supremacy of the Parliament, and a Bill of Rights

  7. Restoration Colonies • New York • Carolinas • Pennsylvania • East West Jersey • Pop. 1700: 250,000

  8. 18th C. • North Carolina • Georgia • Rationale for Empire: • Mercantilism • Navigation Acts • Sir Robert Walpole: Era of Salutary Neglect • Concept: Core and Periphery

  9. 1750: BNA Pop. 2,000,000

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