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The New Frontier and Great Society

The New Frontier and Great Society. Kennedy and the Cold War John F. Kennedy was elected in 1960 over Richard Nixon, the Republican candidate The election was one of the closest in American history—Television helped put JFK over the top He was helped by the facts he was young and charismatic

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The New Frontier and Great Society

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  1. The New Frontier and Great Society

  2. Kennedy and the Cold War • John F. Kennedy was elected in 1960 over Richard Nixon, the Republican candidate • The election was one of the closest in American history—Television helped put JFK over the top • He was helped by the facts he was young and charismatic • He was hurt by the facts that he was young and Catholic

  3. C. Once in office JFK and the Democrats took a hard line against the Soviets 1. JFK expanded the country’s non-nuclear military 2. He created a new policy called flexible response

  4. D. The Cuban Missile Crisis 1. Fidel Castro led a revolution in Cuba in 1959 against the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista 2. At first the people of Cuba and the US thought of Castro as a freedom fighter, but over time he came to be viewed as a traitor to the revolution—a tyrant who replaced one dictatorship with another

  5. 3. The Bay of Pigs—JFK approved a CIA led invasion of Cuba to spark an uprising against Castro a. Cuba remained loyal to Castro and with Soviet help the invasion failed b. This was an embarrassment for the US and JFK and a victory for Castro

  6. 4. Thirteen Days a. October 14th 1962—U2 takes pictures of nuclear missiles in Cuba b. those missiles could reach the US in minutes c. October 22nd – JFK informs the world of the crisis and his intention to not allow Soviet missiles in Cuba

  7. d. the US and Soviet Union faced a showdown on the high seas as the US navy blockaded Cuba to prevent Soviet ships from reaching the island e. a few days later Khrushchev offered to remove the missiles in exchange for a US promise not to invade Cuba 5. The crisis damaged Khrushchev’s prestige 6. A hotline was installed between the White House and the Kremlin

  8. E. The Berlin Wall was erected in August 1961, cutting off East Berlin from the rest of the free world F. Cold War tensions eased somewhat with the signing of the Limited Test Ban Treaty in 1963

  9. II. The New Frontier A. The American people were fascinated with the first family. The Kennedy administration reminded people of a modern day Camelot B. JFK surrounded himself with a team of young and talented advisors known as “The Best and the Brightest”

  10. C. JFK’s vision for America was know as the New Frontier 1. His agenda included various economic and social reforms but they faced opposition from conservative Democrats and republicans in Congress 2. He was able to increase defense spending and lower taxes 3. He also created the Peace Corps to address poverty abroad

  11. D. The Soviets put the first human in space in 1961 and the US tries to catch up… 1. The US goal of beating the Soviets in a race to put the first humans on the moon was achieved on July 20th, 1969 2. The Space Race was part of the Cold War and helped stimulate advancements in education, technology, and the economy

  12. E. Tragedy in Dallas 1. JFK was assassinated in November, 1963 2. The official government investigation called the Warren Commission concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone as the assassin 3. 4 decades later though there are still unanswered questions about what happened

  13. III. The Great Society A. Lyndon Baines Johnson grew up in rural Texas and idolized FDR B. In Congress he proved to be a master of party politics and behind-the-scenes maneuvering C. LBJ’s congressional connections and his Southern Protestant background compensated for JFK’s weaknesses as a candidate so JFK asked him to be his running mate in the 1960 election

  14. D. Johnson’s domestic agenda 1. Continuing JFK’s agenda—tax cuts and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 2. The War on Poverty—LBJ attacked poverty through the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 E. LBJ defeated the conservative senator Barry Goldwater in a landslide in 1964

  15. F. Building the Great Society 1. Health—Medicare and Medicaide 2. Education—aid for schools, scholarships for students 3. Environment—Clean Air and Water Acts 4. Cities—Department of Housing and Urban Development 5. Consumer Advocacy—Truth in Packaging, Highway Safety, Dept. of Transportation 6. Discrimination—1964 Civil Rights Act, 1965 Voting Rights Act

  16. G. Reforms of the Warren court 1. Brown V. Board of Ed.—segregation 2. Banned prayer in public schools 3. Banned state-required loyalty oaths 4. Extended free speech to symbolic speech 5. Rights of the accused a. Gideon v Wainwright—right to a state appointed lawyer b. Miranda v Arizona—suspects must be read their rights

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