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Satoshi Kose Shizuoka University of Art and Culture (SUAC)

Universal Design in Legislation, Policy and Practice: Japanese Experiences in the Built Environment. Satoshi Kose Shizuoka University of Art and Culture (SUAC). Timeline. 1970s Design Guidelines by the local governments 1980s Guidelines by the central government

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Satoshi Kose Shizuoka University of Art and Culture (SUAC)

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  1. Universal Design in Legislation, Policy and Practice: Japanese Experiences in the Built Environment Satoshi Kose Shizuoka University of Art and Culture (SUAC)

  2. Timeline • 1970s Design Guidelines by the local governments • 1980s Guidelines by the central government • 1987-1992 Dwelling design guidelines for the ageing society (draft) • 1990 ADA

  3. Timeline (continued) • 1993 Revised Fundamental Law of PwD • 1994 Accessible Building Law (ABL) • 2000 Accessible Transportation Law • 2002 Amendment to ABL • 2006 Accessible Built Environment Law (& three disabilities integrated)

  4. ABL (1994) Promotion of special buildings to be usable by seniors and people with physical disabilities • New buildings, Non-mandatory • Buildings with public access (excluding schools, offices,), housing excluded • 2000 sqm and over only • 2 levels of requirements

  5. ATL (2000) • Mandatory for new, suggested for existing ones • 5000 persons or more per day • Existing ones also quick to respond

  6. Amended ABL (2002) • Made obligatory for some building types due to link to BSL • Schools, offices, housing for seniors (not mandatory in general) included

  7. New ABEL (2006) • Merger of two laws • Requirement to wheelchair accessible rooms for hotels included (1 room if 50 or over) • The above was “thanks to a scandal of a business hotel chain”

  8. Reasons of implementation • Rapid ageing • Incentives – economic, such as tax reduction, floor-volume ratio, and certification

  9. Outcomes • More wheeled bags everywhere –thanks to elevators and escalators • Particularly in stations including existing ones • More wheelchair users out in the town • Lower interest rates, larger sums (for dwellings, see later explanation)

  10. Target 2010 (for buildings) • 50% will comply with requirements • Revision in sight….

  11. Dwellings • 1987-1992 Project development • Dwelling design guidelines for ageing society, i.e., dwelling for everyone (draft) • 1995 Great-Hanshin Earthquake • 1995 Issuance of guidelines by the Ministry

  12. Policy progress • 1996 Policy change by Housing Loan Corporation – Link to government housing policy on energy and ageing • Lower interest rates, larger sums • General change of design standards in housing manufacturers

  13. Housing for seniors law • In 2001 • No more public housing construction • Incentives for private rental sector • Ageing-in-place (vs institutions)

  14. Expectation was… • Replacement will occur 1 million dwellings every year, for existing poor quality dwellings 18 million in 1995 or 1996 • 40% of all dwellings to be livable by seniors in 2015 (half by new, half by modification) • It is not likely to happen…. Only about a half were replaced, others still remain

  15. Our capabilities deteriorate as we grow older

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