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TYPES OF PESTICIDES

TYPES OF PESTICIDES. CHAPTER 13 Any chemical used to control a pest Many different kinds. INSECTICIDES. BROAD SPECTRUM NARROW SPECTRUM CONTACT/ SYSTEMIC. CHITIN (primary structural chemical in body wall) SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS- INTERFERE WITH THE DEVELOPMENT AND MOLTING OF IMMATURES

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TYPES OF PESTICIDES

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  1. TYPES OF PESTICIDES • CHAPTER 13 • Any chemical used to control a pest • Many different kinds

  2. INSECTICIDES

  3. BROAD SPECTRUM NARROW SPECTRUM CONTACT/ SYSTEMIC

  4. CHITIN (primary structural chemical in body wall) SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS-INTERFERE WITH THE DEVELOPMENT AND MOLTING OF IMMATURES INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS-MIMIC ACTION OF INSECT’S NATURALLY OCCURRING JUVENILE HORMONE. VERY SAFE BUT SLOW PHEROMONES-NATURALLY PRODUCED CHEMICALS USED BY ANIMALS TO COMMUNICATE TO EACH OTHER

  5. SHORT TERM VS RESIDUAL (how long they last)

  6. MITICIDES OR ACARACIDES

  7. FUNGICIDES • Must have contact • Can be systemic

  8. FUNGICIDES 2 approaches: PROTECTANT-before disease ERADICANT-after disease

  9. HERBICIDES-pesticides used to control unwanted plants SELECTIVE VS NONSELECTIVE

  10. HERBICIDE TIMING • CHECK THE LABEL • PREPLANT-before crop • PREEMERGENT -crop or weed • POSTEMERGENT-selective

  11. PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS increases, decreases or changes normal growth or reproduction in a plant HARVEST AIDS desiccants defoliants

  12. RODENTICIDES

  13. NEMATICIDES

  14. MOLLUSCICIDES

  15. REPELLANTS pesticides that make a site or food unattractive to a pest

  16. TYPES OF PESTICIDES insecticides herbicides fungicides nematicides acaricides molluscides

  17. PESTS CHAPTER 12

  18. PEST IS ANYTHING THAT: • injures humans, animals, crops, structures or possessions • competes with humans, domestic animals or crops • spreads disease • insects, plant diseases, weeds, vertebrates

  19. ID YOUR PESTS! • By knowing the lifecycle of the pest, the damage it causes and when the damage occurs, it will help you to: • know the best time to control the pest • use less pesticide, or use other means of control • avoid injury to the host • avoid injury to the target areas

  20. CATEGORIES INSECTSPLANT DISEASES WEEDS VERTEBRATES

  21. INSECTS

  22. INSECTS

  23. Three pairs of jointed legs Three body regions

  24. METAMORPHOSIS the series of changes an insect goes through as it develops from egg to adult no metamorphosis-little change from hatch and adult simple or gradual metamorphosis incomplete metamorphosis complete metamorphosis

  25. 3 distinct stages: egg, nymph and adult body matures gradually SIMPLE METAMORPHOSIS

  26. COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS

  27. INSECT-LIKE PESTS

  28. PLANT DISEASES FUNGIBACTERIAVIRUS NEMATODES

  29. SYMPTOMS galls leafspots wilts cankers blights death of tissue

  30. FUNGI

  31. BACTERIAL DISEASES

  32. VIRUS DISEASES

  33. NEMATODES

  34. WEEDS can cause skin irritation hay fever harbor pests release toxins contaminate product at harvest compete for water, light and nutrients poison cause off flavors in milk and meat hinder fish growth increase road maintenance costs

  35. WEEDS • ANNUALS • summer-sprout in spring • winter-sprout in fall • BIENNIALS • PERENNIALS

  36. WEED IDENTIFICATION arrangement of leaves-alternate, opposite, whorled leaf structure-simple, compound leaf shape-ovate, lanceolate, linear arrangement of flowers-inflorescence, axillary flower parts-petals, sepals

  37. MAJOR CLASSES OF WEEDS • grasses • sedges • broadleaves

  38. VERTEBRATES

  39. IPM CHAPTER 11

  40. IPM the use of several strategies to prevent or minimize the damage an insect, weed or disease causes.

  41. BENEFITS OF IPM • avoids pest resistance to pesticides • minimize the effects on non-target organisms • minimize effects on environment • maintains good public image • saves $$$$

  42. BASIC STEPS OF IPM Preventative measures Monitoring/Scouting Assessment Action

  43. PREVENTATIVE MEASURES • TO PREVENT PEST BUILDUP • good cultural practices • structural modifications • biological control • physical barriers • resistant varieties

  44. PEST ID beneficial? learn lifecycle

  45. MONITERING/ SCOUTING early detection is key!

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