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Preparing for the Civil War

Preparing for the Civil War. Cultural, Political, and Economic Gap between North and South. Current Political Tension. Are there any correlations between current political tension and the tension that led to the Civil War? Do you think a Civil War could occur today?.

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Preparing for the Civil War

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  1. Preparing for the Civil War Cultural, Political, and Economic Gap between North and South

  2. Current Political Tension • Are there any correlations between current political tension and the tension that led to the Civil War? • Do you think a Civil War could occur today?

  3. Historiography of Civil War • How would each of the following schools of thought view the causes of the Civil War? - Progressivism - Liberalism - Republicanism - Multiculturalism

  4. North Market Revolution Hired Labor Canals, Turnpikes, Railroads South Agrarian Society Slave Labor Lack of infrastructure Growing Economic Differences- Overview

  5. South Guiding Principles-“Benevolent Paternalism” King Cotton- lack of economic diversity = dependence on slavery North Guiding Principles-Free market capitalism Industrial Rev- growing economic diversity = demands for competition Slavery VS. Industrialism

  6. Result • North and South want to expand their economic systems • Both encourage strict adherence to principles • Carries over into political and social divisions between North and South

  7. South Some railroad development Less access to paved roads Dependent on North and Europe North Railroad boom beginning Numerous paved roads and canals Not as dependent on Europe Regional Infrastructure

  8. Result • South fails to industrialize • South lacks manufactured goods • North and Northwest connected more

  9. North Socially Diverse Protestant Work Ethic Valued Labor South Aristocracy “Heirs to European Society” Ancient Republics’ negative view of labor Cultural Differences

  10. North Federal Government Free Soil Party Abolitionists Republican Party Death of Whigs South States’ Rights Popular Sovereignty Fire Eaters Nullification Divisions in Democratic Party Political Differences

  11. Ineffective Presidents • 1848- Zachary Taylor Whig (dies in office) • 1850- Millard Fillmore Whig • 1852- Franklin Pierce Democratic • 1856- James Buchanan Democratic 1848 and 1852- Free Soil Candidate 1856- Know Nothing or Nativist Candidate

  12. Compromise of 1850 • CA free state • Other territories from Mexico- popular sovereignty • Wash D.C. end of slave trade • Fugitive Slave • Challenges Missouri Compromise

  13. Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854 • Negates Missouri Compromise • Unofficial deal Nebraska Free and Kansas slave • Popular Sovereignty= Bleeding of Kansas • Lecompton Constitution Controversy

  14. Dred Scott Court Case 1857 • Dred Scott lived in Free State / Territory moved to slave state • Supreme Court ruled against Scott • Supreme Court determines slaves are property not citizens • Congress cannot make laws about slavery • Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850 and Kansas Nebraska Act - unconstitutional

  15. Panic of 1857 • Financial Crisis in North • Speculation bottoms out • Grain surplus • South protected by cotton industry • South becomes more confident of economic independence

  16. John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry 1859 • Brown led a raid on armory • Failed slave rebellion • Executed for Treason • Enraged North and South (for different reasons)

  17. Election of 1860

  18. Election of 1860 Consequences • Lincoln wins close election • Divisions help Lincoln • South is ready for Secession

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