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Organization of the Periodic Table

Learn about Dmitri Mendeleev and the organization of the periodic table. Understand the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Discover the characteristics of groups and periods. Watch educational videos to enhance your understanding.

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Organization of the Periodic Table

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  1. Organization of the Periodic Table

  2. For your chemistry unit assessment, you’ll need to memorize and sing this to the class.

  3. Singalong time... “The Elements” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GFIvXVMbII0

  4. Dmitri Mendeleev https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Diomg 00:00-05:15

  5. Dmitri Mendeleev • Published the first periodic table in 1869.

  6. Dmitri Mendeleev • He recognized that some elements have similar chemical and physical properties. • Fluorine and chlorine are both gases that burn your lungs. • Silver and copper are both shiny metals that tarnish when exposed to air.

  7. Periodic Table • The periodic table contains information about the structures and characteristics of the elements.

  8. Periodic Table • Elements are arranged in the periodic table in order of their atomic number.

  9. Periodic Table • “Periodic” means regular, repeating pattern, and properties of elements repeat in each period (row).

  10. Periodic Table

  11. Periods • A horizontal row of elements is called a period. • The atomic numbers increase from left to right in a period.

  12. Groups • A vertical column of elements in the periodic table is called a group.

  13. Groups • Groups are numbered 1–18 across the top of the periodic table. • Elements in the same group have similar properties (characteristics).

  14. The Lanthanide and Actinide Series • The two rows of elements at the bottom of the table are the Lanthanide Series and the Actinide Series (also called “rare earth metals”).

  15. Metals • Elements that are on the left and in the middle of the periodic table are metals.

  16. Metals • Metallic refers to the properties common to metals.

  17. Metals • Luster (shine) is one property of metals.

  18. Metals • Metals are also ductile and malleable. Malleable-able to be bent out of shape without breaking Ductile-able to be drawn out/formed into a wire

  19. Metals • Metals are good conductors. • Conductivity is the ability of a material to transfer electricity or heat

  20. Metals • Most metals are solids at room temperature because of their high melting point (except Mercury-Hg)

  21. Crash Course • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Diomg 5:10-6:20

  22. Nonmetals • Elements on the right side of the periodic table are nonmetals.

  23. Nonmetals • Nonmetals have properties that are the opposite of metals.

  24. Nonmetals • Poor conductors of heat and electricity • Brittle • No luster.

  25. Nonmetals • Nonmetals make up most of the matter in living things

  26. Nonmetals • Most are gases at room temperature. There are 5 which are solids: carbon (C), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), selenium (Se) and iodine (I) and they are dull and brittle. Bromine (Br) is the only nonmetal that is liquid at room temperature. iodine carbon bromine

  27. Nonmetals • Group 17 elements are the halogens, which are the most reactive nonmetals, and most of them are dangerous to humans. F

  28. Nonmetals • Group 18 elements are the noble gases, which are extremely stable by themselves and occur in nature as single atoms, NOT compounds.

  29. Metalloids • 8-10 elements (depending who you ask!) are metalloids (also called semimetals)

  30. Metalloids • Metalloids have the properties of both metals and nonmetals. • Conduct electricity, but not as well as metals, so they are called semiconductors.

  31. Other Periodic Tables • A variety of periodic tables are designed to provide the information needed by different groups of people.

  32. Other Periodic Tables • Other versions of the periodic table have been published over the years, but almost all scientists use Mendeleev’s version.

  33. Crash Course • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Diomg 06:20-End

  34. 7.1 Organization of the Periodic Table If a substance transfers electricity easily, it is said to be ____. A malleable B conductive C metalloid D ductile

  35. The most reactive nonmetals are the ____ in Group 17. A noble gases B halogens C semimetals D Actinide series

  36. 7.1 Organization of the Periodic Table Fluorine has properties most similar to ____. A oxygen B neon C lithium D chlorine

  37. Which is a property of metals? A poor conductors B brittle C low melting point D luster

  38. Which of the following is a noble gas? A nitrogen B oxygen C argon D bromine

  39. Elements in a period are arranged ____. Aby increasing atomic number right to left Bby increasing atomic number left to right Cby increasing valence electrons right to left Dby increasing electric charge right to left

  40. Which element is a gas at room temperature? A neon B bromine C magnesium D uranium

  41. Nonmetals are located where on the periodic table? A top B bottom C right side D left side

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